Browse Items (50 total)

BACKGROUND: Many children with cancer are hospitalised before the end of life and need special care. To improve the delivery of care for children, it is necessary to understand the insights, emotions and feelings of nurses. AIM: This study aimed to…

Objectives Pediatric palliative care (PPC), especially among noncancer pediatric patients, faces challenges including late referral, limited patient care, and insufficient data for Asian patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study used the…

OBJECTIVES: Pediatric palliative care services improve the quality of life for children with life-limiting and life-threatening diseases, although little has been published about variation based on cultural and religious factors. This article sets…

Abstract Context: Inpatient pediatric palliative care (PPC) has grown substantially over the past 20 years; however, PPC in the outpatient setting remains underdeveloped. Outpatient PPC (OPPC) offers opportunities to improve access to PPC as well as…

Neonatal nurses in mainland China encounter various challenges when it comes to delivering palliative care to neonates. The aim of this study was to determine the barriers and facilitators of neonatal nurses' attitudes to palliative care for neonates…

Objectives: Palliative radiation therapy (pRT) is often used to improve quality of life for pediatric patients. Though palliative doses are generally lower than those for cure, pRT may still introduce undesirable effects. The decision to pursue…

Background and context: In DR Congo, many cancer patients in the terminal phase of their condition have minimal access to palliative care. There is a combined effect of poverty, the deteriorationofthe health system and the absenceof a well-defined…

Aims & Objectives: To study the epidemiology of deaths in our paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) over 5 years, so that we can better understand the dying experience of these patients and improve on palliative care for patients with life-limiting…

Tissue destruction is accompanied by an inflammatory reaction. The inflammatory reaction leads to activation of nociceptors and the sensation of pain. Several mediators are responsible for pain and hyperalgesia in inflammation including cytokines,…

The Paediatric Pain Profile (PPP) is a 20-item behaviour rating scale designed to assess pain in children with severe neurological disability. We assessed the validity and reliability of the scale in 140 children (76 females, mean age 9 years 11…

OBJECTIVE: Approximately 60% of deaths in pediatric intensive care units follow limitation or withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (LST). We aimed to describe the circumstances surrounding decision making and end-of-life care in this setting.…

Pain is a common symptom at the end of life. The vast majority of pain can be readily managed if simple principles of practice are followed. Chronic pain requires continuous analgesia, and severe pain requires use of strong analgesics, most commonly…

BACKGROUND: Codeine analgesia is wholly or mostly due to its metabolism to morphine by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6, which shows significant genetic variation in activity. The aims of this study were to investigate genotype, phenotype and…

The kinetics of morphine in the plasma of children (0 to 15 yr) can in most cases be adequately described by a triexponential function. When the dosage in children receiving morphine as premedication before surgery is based on kilograms of body…

In this review a case is presented for the use of mathematical modelling in the study of pain. The philosophy of mathematical modelling is outlined and a recommendation is made for the use of modern nonlinear techniques and computational neuroscience…

PURPOSE: Methadone is still regarded as a second line opioid for patients suffering from severe pain, and is rarely used in hospitalized patients. The infrequent use of methadone is probably due to its long plasma half-life that could lead to…

In appropriately selected patients, PCA safely provides analgesia superior to that obtained with traditional IM prn opioid administration; however, to date, no compelling evidence shows that PCA is associated with a reduction in morbidity or a more…

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the need for pain medication and the adequacy or inadequacy of the analgesia achieved, in children with cancer who died while in terminal care. Of the 100 pediatric patients with cancer treated at the…

Forty-five children (aged 6-12 yr) undergoing appendicectomy received one of three analgesic regimens using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with morphine: no background infusion (BO); background infusion 4 micrograms kg-1 h-1 (B4); background…

Forty children undergoing appendicectomy were allocated randomly to receive one of two PCA regimens with morphine. Group B10 received bolus doses of 10 micrograms kg-1 and group B20 received bolus doses of 20 micrograms kg-1. In both groups there was…

BACKGROUND: Methadone is a very useful drug in cancer pain because of its low cost, lack of active metabolites, high oral availability, and the rapid onset of its analgesic effect. It seems to be well tolerated in patients with difficult pain…

OBJECTIVE: Pain relief is still inadequate in many hospitalized patients, especially children in whom suboptimal use of analgesic drugs is still common. In the past 2 years, oral methadone has been used extensively in our institution for treating…

Ninety-eight continuous postoperative epidurals were administered to 87 children. The patients were divided into two groups: group I included 63 cases in which a 0.0625-0.25% solution of bupivacaine was continuously administered; group II included 35…

Physiological, plasma beta-endorphin and cortisol responses to nasotracheal intubation were studied in 20 distressed infants of median age 0.3 days (range 0.1-23 days) randomized into groups given pethidine 1 mg/kg (n = 10) or alfentanil 20…

PURPOSE: To define the dose ratio between morphine and methadone in relation to the previous morphine dose and the number of days needed to achieve the same level of analgesia in a group of patients with advanced cancer with pain who switched from…

Traditionally, opioids have been administered as fixed doses at fixed dose intervals. This approach has been largely ineffective. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and upgraded traditional approaches incorporating flexibility in dose size and dose…

Recently, patient controlled analgesia (PCA) has gained prominence in the treatment of pain for children suffering from vaso-occlusive crisis associated with sickle cell disease. Because there are several different regimens that can be used for PCA,…
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