Browse Items · Pediatric Palliative Care Library

Overview of Perinatal Palliative Care in Brazil

Significant attention to palliative care in terminally ill patients has only been effective in Brazil since the year 2000, although there have been isolated actions since the 1980s. When the case involves fetuses or neonates unable to cure,…

Community health workers in palliative care provision in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review of the literature

Background: Community health workers (CHWs) are currently deployed in improving access to palliative care in a limited number of low-income or middle-income countries (LMICs). This review therefore aimed to document evidence from LMICs regarding (1)…

When a child is sick: the role of social tourism in palliative and end-of-life care

Drawing upon transformative service research and social tourism literature, this paper explores the relationship between respite care and childhood illness. It focuses specifically upon the short break opportunities attached to respite care offered…

Effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions on psychological distress in women who have experienced perinatal loss: a systematic review protocol

Background: Perinatal loss is a traumatic and complex experience that contributes to negative maternal psychological states and adverse outcomes impacting fetal development, maternal-fetal/infant bonding, marital/partner relationships, and child…

The "lactation after infant death (AID) framework": a guide for online health information provision about lactation after stillbirth and infant death

This article collated and critically reviewed international evidence-based lactation and bereavement information to devise a comprehensive framework on the diverse options for lactation management after stillbirth and infant death by outlining the…

Trends in incidence, prevalence, and mortality of neuromuscular disease in Ontario, Canada: a population-based retrospective cohort study (2003-2014)

Background: Population trends of disease prevalence and incidence over time measure burden of disease and inform healthcare planning. Neuromuscular disorders (NMD) affect muscle and nerve function with varying degrees of severity and disease…

Tags: 2019, Adolescent, Adult, Age, Aged, America, Amin R, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/ep [Epidemiology], Animals, APEC countries, Article, August 2019 List, Bai Y, Canada, Child, childhood disease/ep [Epidemiology], childhood diseases, Children, Chordata, Cohort Analysis, Cohort Studies, Commonwealth of Nations, Controlled Study, Data Base, death rate, Developed Countries, Disease Course, disease prevalence, Disease Progression, Eukaryotes, Female, Gershon A, Goldstein R, Health Care, health Insurance, Hominidae, Homo, Human, Human Diseases, Incidence, Infant, International Classification of Diseases, Katz S, Leasa D, Major Clinical Study, Male, Mammals, Man, McKim D, Middle Aged, Mortality, mortality rates, muscles, neuromuscular disease/ep [Epidemiology], Neuromuscular Diseases, Neuromuscular Disorders, Nonoyama M, North America, OECD Countries, Ontario, Palliative Care, Palliative Therapy, planning, PLoS One, Population Research, Preschool Child, Prevalence, Primates, Retrospective Studies, Retrospective Study, Rose L, School Child, sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy/ep [Epidemiology], Spine, Survival, Tandon A, trend study, Trends, Vertebrates, Young Adult

Measuring the Effects of an Animal-Assisted Intervention for Pediatric Oncology Patients and Their Parents: A Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial

OBJECTIVE: This multicenter, parallel-group, randomized trial examined the effects of an animal-assisted intervention on the stress, anxiety, and health-related quality of life for children diagnosed with cancer and their parents. METHOD: Newly…

Opioids

Opioids are the most effective and widely used drugs in the treatment of severe pain. They act through G protein-coupled receptors. Four families of endogenous ligands (opioid peptides) are known. The standard exogenous opioid analgesic is morphine.…

Tags: 2007, Amino Acid Sequence, Analgesics, Animals, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Chronic Disease, Drug Tolerance, Handbook Of Experimental Pharmacology, Humans, Journal Article, Ligands, Molecular Sequence Data, Opioid/adverse effects/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Opioid/drug effects, Receptors, Stein C, Zollner C

Beta-Endorphin Response to an Acute Pain Stimulus

The timing of the measurement of biological samples (e.g. biomarkers) is not always standardized. Biomarkers are the focus of many recent studies and treatments. The purpose of this study was to determine the timing of the release of beta-endorphin…

Lymphocytes upregulate signal sequence-encoding proopiomelanocortin mRNA and beta-endorphin during painful inflammation in vivo

Proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived beta-endorphin1-31 (END) released from immune cells inhibits inflammatory pain. We examined the expression of END and POMC mRNA encoding the signal sequence required for entry of the nascent polypeptide into the…

Breaking the pain connection

2008

Tags: 2008, Animals, Backlog, Journal Article, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/genetics/metabolism, Nature Medicine, Pain/drug therapy/genetics/metabolism, Pallen CJ, Peptides/therapeutic use, Protein Binding, Receptors, Signal Transduction/drug effects, src-Family Kinases/genetics/metabolism

Inhibition of inflammatory pain by CRF at peripheral, spinal and supraspinal sites: involvement of areas coexpressing CRF receptors and opioid peptides

There is conflicting evidence on the antinociceptive effects of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) along the neuraxis of pain transmission and the responsible anatomical sites of CRF's action at the level of the brain, spinal cord and periphery. In…

No evidence for binding of clozapine, olanzapine and/or haloperidol to selected receptors involved in body weight regulation.

The underlying mechanisms of antipsychotic (AP)-induced weight gain are unknown, but both central and peripheral AP target receptors could potentially be involved. This study used radioligand binding assays to compare the binding affinities of…

Neuroendocrinology of social behavior

Discovering the hormonal and neural mechanisms that promote affiliative social behavior is a high priority in behavioral neuroscience. Although studies with standard laboratory rodents have afforded many important insights, exciting advances are also…

Tags: 2009, Adkins-Regan E, Animal, Animals, Arvicolinae/physiology, Backlog, Behavior, Female, Finches/physiology, Gonadal Steroid Hormones/physiology, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology, ILAR Journal, Journal Article, Male, Neuropeptides/physiology, Neurosecretory Systems/physiology, Oxytocin/physiology, Pair Bond, Social Behavior

Endotoxin has acute and chronic effects on the cerebral circulation of fetal sheep.

We studied the impact of endotoxemia on cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral vascular resistance (CVR), and cerebral oxygen transport (O(2) transport) in fetal sheep. We hypothesized that endotoxemia impairs CBF regulation and O(2) transport, exposing…

Harnessing social networks along with consumer-driven electronic communication technologies to identify and engage members of 'hard-to-reach' populations: a methodological case report

BACKGROUND: Sampling in the absence of accurate or comprehensive information routinely poses logistical, ethical, and resource allocation challenges in social science, clinical, epidemiological, health service and population health research. These…

Tags: 2010, Animals, Anthropology, Backlog, Bmc Medical Research Methodology, Cats, Cultural, Diabetes Mellitus/veterinary, Dogs, Electronic Mail, Humans, Journal Article, Online Systems, Patient Selection, Rock MJ, Sampling Studies

Pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation: advances in science, techniques, and outcomes

More than 25% of children survive to hospital discharge after in-hospital cardiac arrests, and 5% to 10% survive after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. This review of pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation addresses the epidemiology of pediatric…

Beta-endorphin mediates behavioral despair and the effect of ethanol on the tail suspension test in mice.

Background: The opioid peptide beta-endorphin (beta-E) is synthesized and released in response to stressful stimuli as well as acute alcohol administration. The release of beta-E following exposure to an inescapable aversive situation may mediate…

Enteric nervous system and developmental abnormalities in childhood

ENS consists of a complex network of neurons, organised in several plexuses, which interact by means of numerous neurotransmitters. It is capable of modulating the intestinal motility, exocrine and endocrine secretions, microcirculation and immune…

Sleep deprivation and pain perception

Chronically painful conditions are frequently associated with sleep disturbances, i.e. changes in sleep continuity and sleep architecture as well as increased sleepiness during daytime. A new hypothesis, which has attracted more and more attention,…

Tags: 2006, Animals, Attitude, Backlog, Humans, Journal Article, Krieg JC, Kundermann B, Lautenbacher S, Pain/epidemiology/physiopathology, Rats, REM/physiology, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation/epidemiology/physiopathology, Sleep Medicine Reviews, Sprague-Dawley

Glia: novel counter-regulators of opioid analgesia

Development of analgesic tolerance and withdrawal-induced pain enhancement present serious difficulties for the use of opioids for pain control. Although neuronal mechanisms to account for these phenomena have been sought for many decades, their…

Tags: 2005, Analgesics, Animals, Backlog, Brain/drug effects/metabolism, Drug Tolerance, Humans, Hutchinson MR, Johnston IN, Journal Article, Maier SF, Neuroglia/drug effects/metabolism, Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism, Nociceptors/drug effects/metabolism, Opioid/administration & dosage, Pain/metabolism/prevention & control, Spinal Cord/drug effects/metabolism, Trends In Neurosciences, Watkins LR

Fundamentals of neurogastroenterology: basic science

The focus of neurogastroenterology in Rome II was the enteric nervous system (ENS). To avoid duplication with Rome II, only advances in ENS neurobiology after Rome II are reviewed together with stronger emphasis on interactions of the brain, spinal…

CB2 cannabinoid receptor activation produces antinociception by stimulating peripheral release of endogenous opioids

CB(2) cannabinoid receptor-selective agonists are promising candidates for the treatment of pain. CB(2) receptor activation inhibits acute, inflammatory, and neuropathic pain responses but does not cause central nervous system (CNS) effects,…

Opioids and the neuroimmune axis

2005

Tags: 2005, Analgesics, Animals, Backlog, British Journal Of Anaesthesia, Humans, Immune System/drug effects/physiology, Inflammation/immunology, Journal Article, Lambert DG, mu/metabolism, Neuroimmunomodulation/immunology, Opioid, Opioid Peptides/physiology, Opioid/pharmacology, Rats, Receptors, Williams JP

Molecular pathways leading to cancer cachexia

Loss of body weight in cancer patients strongly influences morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have suggested that both tumor and host factors play a major role in tissue catabolism in cachexia, leading to upregulation of degradative pathways in…

Tags: 2005, Adipose Tissue/metabolism, Animals, Backlog, Blood Proteins/metabolism, Cachexia/etiology/metabolism, Cytokines/metabolism, Humans, Journal Article, Muscle, Neoplasms/complications/metabolism, Peptides/metabolism, Physiology (bethesda), Skeletal/metabolism, Tisdale MJ

Leukocytes in the regulation of pain and analgesia

When tissue is destroyed or invaded by leukocytes in inflammation, numerous mediators are delivered by the circulation and/or liberated from resident and immigrated cells at the site. Proalgesic mediators include proinflammatory cytokines,…

Alternative therapies for children and youth with special health care needs

2006

Tags: 2006, Adolescent, Animals, Backlog, Bonding, Child, Chronic Disease/psychology/therapy, Complementary Therapies/methods, Exercise Movement Techniques, Gasalberti D, Human-Pet, Humans, Journal Article, Journal Of Pediatric Health Care, Massage, Music Therapy, Pain/prevention & control, Patient Education, PedPal Lit

Current classification of mitochondrial disorders

2003

Tags: 2003, Adolescent, Adult, Andreu AL, Animals, Backlog, Child, DiMauro S, DNA, Humans, Journal Article, Journal Of Neurology, Mitochondrial Diseases/classification/genetics, Mitochondrial/genetics, Mutation

Potential links between leukocytes and antinociception

2004

Tags: 2004, Animals, Backlog, Brack A, Humans, Journal Article, Leukocytes/physiology, Neuroimmunomodulation/physiology, Nociceptors/physiology, Pain, Stein C

Control of inflammatory pain by chemokine-mediated recruitment of opioid-containing polymorphonuclear cells

Opioid-containing leukocytes can counteract inflammatory hyperalgesia. Under stress or after local injection of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), opioid peptides are released from leukocytes, bind to opioid receptors on peripheral sensory neurons…

Tags: 2004, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Antibodies/pharmacology, Backlog, Brack A, Cell Count/methods, Cell Movement/physiology, Chemokines, Chemokines/immunology/physiology, Comparative Study, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use, CXC/immunology/metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Routes, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods, Flow Cytometry/methods, Freund's Adjuvant, Gene Expression Regulation/physiology, Immunohistochemistry/methods, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/immunology/metabolism, Interleukin-8B/metabolism, Journal Article, Leder K, Machelska H, Male, Mousa SA, Naloxone/pharmacology, Narcotics/metabolism, Neurogenic Inflammation/chemically induced/complications/therapy, Neutrophils/metabolism, Non-U.S. Gov't, Pain, Pain Measurement, Pain Threshold/drug effects, Pain/etiology/therapy, Rats, Receptors, Research Support, Rittner HL, Schafer M, Stein C, Wistar

Cytokine and hormone profiles in mice subjected to handling combined with rectal temperature measurement stress and handling only stress

Stress is known to either up or down regulate immunity. In this study, mice were subjected to handling combined with rectal temperature measurement (RTM) stress or handling only stress. We investigated whether there were any significant differences…

Neuropeptides: modulators of immune responses in health and disease

2002

Tags: 2002, Animals, Autoimmune Diseases/immunology, Backlog, Humans, Immune System/physiology, International Review Of Neurobiology, Jessop DS, Journal Article, Neuropeptides/physiology, Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, Stress/immunology

Immunohistochemical localization of endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 in immune cells and spinal cord in a model of inflammatory pain

Recently, two novel highly selective mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists, endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2, have been isolated from bovine as well as human brains and were proposed to be the endogenous ligand for MOR. Later, endomorphin-1 and…

Different mechanisms of intrinsic pain inhibition in early and late inflammation

Neuroimmune interactions control pain through activation of opioid receptors on sensory nerves by immune-derived opioid peptides. Here we evaluate mechanisms of intrinsic pain inhibition at different stages of Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammation…

Neurohormonal factors in the development of catabolic/anabolic imbalance and cachexia

Mechanisms that lead to cachexia are still poorly understood. The neurohormonal changes that occur in severe disease states may cause an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation at the cellular level, followed by muscle wasting. Here, we…

Tags: 2002, Animals, Anwar A, Backlog, Biological Markers/blood, Brink M, Cachexia/etiology/metabolism, Congestive/complications/metabolism, Cytokines/metabolism, Delafontaine P, Glucocorticoids/metabolism, Heart Failure, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism, International Journal Of Cardiology, Journal Article, Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism, Renin-Angiotensin System/physiology

Attacking pain at its source: new perspectives on opioids

The treatment of severe pain with opioids has thus far been limited by their unwanted central side effects. Recent research promises new approaches, including opioid analgesics acting outside the central nervous system, targeting of opioid…

The final step in programmed cell death: phagocytes carry apoptotic cells to the grave.

As cells undergo apoptosis, they are recognized and removed from the body by phagocytes. This oft-overlooked yet critical final step in the cell-death programme protects tissues from exposure to the toxic contents of dying cells and also serves to…

Mutations in the gene encoding capillary morphogenesis protein 2 cause juvenile hyaline fibromatosis and infantile systemic hyalinosis

Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (JHF) and infantile systemic hyalinosis (ISH) are autosomal recessive conditions characterized by multiple subcutaneous skin nodules, gingival hypertrophy, joint contractures, and hyaline deposition. We previously mapped…

Nitric oxide as a prognostic marker for neurological diseases

The potential value of the nitric oxide (NO) level as a prognostic marker in human brain diseases is investigated. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from neurological patients was examined for NO content using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)…

Modulation of peripheral endogenous opioid analgesia by central afferent blockade

BACKGROUND: Peripheral tissue injury causes a migration of opioid peptide-containing immune cells to the inflamed site. The subsequent release and action of these peptides on opioid receptors localized on peripheral sensory nerve terminals causes…

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