Browse Items · Pediatric Palliative Care Library

Public Attitudes Toward Ethics and Practices in End-of-Life Decision-Making for Neonates

Importance: Attitudes toward end-of-life decision-making in neonatology have been studied in physicians and other health care professionals and are mostly shaped by their clinical education and work experiences. In contrast, attitudes among the…

The age limit for euthanasia requests in the Netherlands: a Delphi study among paediatric experts

Background The Dutch Euthanasia Act applies to patients 12 years and older, which makes euthanasia for minors younger than 12 legally impossible. The issue under discussion specifically regards the capacity of minors to request euthanasia. Objective…

Tags: 2023, Child, Consensus, de Keijzer SC, Delphi Technique, Euthanasia, Humans, Journal of Medical Ethics, Minors, Netherlands, Pasman HR, September List 2032, Verhagen AAE, Widdershoven G

Organ donation after euthanasia in children: Belgian and Dutch perspectives

Organ donation after euthanasia has been performed more than 70 times in Belgium and the Netherlands combined (personal communication, Jan Bollen, 2018). These two countries allow for euthanasia in minors as well, while Luxembourg, Colombia and…

Should the Dutch Law on Euthanasia Be Expanded to Include Children?

The 2002 Dutch Euthanasia law applies to patients aged 12 years and older. Developments in end-of-life care and decision-making in the last decade have sparked the debate about usefulness and necessity to extend euthanasia to include children under…

Tags: 2022, Buijsen M, Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, Children, End-of-life Decisions, Euthanasia, February List 2023, Pro-Con Debate, Verhagen A

The Unspeakable Nature of Death & Dying During Childhood: A Silenced Phenomenon in Pediatric Care

In pediatric settings, the concept of hope is frequently positioned as a fundamental aspect of care and at odds with the possibility and proximity of death. This arguably fosters silence about death and dying in childhood despite evidence indicating…

Tags: 2022, attitudes toward death and dying, Campbell S, Children, Denburg A, Euthanasia, Gibson JL, March 2022 List, Moola FJ, Omega, Petch J, silence, Youth

Considering medical assistance in dying for minors: the complexities of children's voices

Medical assistance in dying (MAID) legislation in Canada followed much deliberation after the Supreme Court of Canada's ruling in Carter v. Canada Included in this deliberation was the Special Joint Committee on Physician Assisted Dying's…

Tags: 2020, Carnevale F A, Children, Death, Euthanasia, Journal of Medical Ethics, June 2020 List, Law, Macdonald M E, Singh H K

Medical assistance in dying: A paediatric perspective

The Supreme Court decision in Carter v. Canada (2015) has led to changes to the Canadian Criminal Code, such that physician-assisted death is now a legal option for consenting adult patients who have a 'grievous and irremediable medical condition'…

Pediatric euthanasia in Belgium: disturbing developments

2014-05

Tags: 2014, Active, Backlog, Belgium, Caplan AL, Child, Chronic Disease, Euthanasia, Humans, JAMA, Journal Article, Palliative Care, Personal Autonomy, Psychological, Siegel AM, Sisti DA, Stress, Terminal Care

Self-requested euthanasia for children in Belgium

In the complex patient—doctor relationship, the principle of personal autonomy has gradually acquired more weight against medical paternalism, both in clinical practice and in bioethical thinking. 1 In many countries, this change has been…

Limitations in the approach health caregivers can take in end-of-life care decisions

BACKGROUND: In the terminal stages of neuro-metabolic diseases, parents can begin to experience a sense of loss even before the child dies, and might accept death prematurely. CASES: A 2.5-year-old female patient with Sandoff Disease (diagnosed at 9…

Tags: 2014, Backlog, Bülbül S, Child: Care, Health and Development, Eke M, Euthanasia, Health Care Provider, Journal Article, Karavaizoğlu C, Krabbe, Sandhoff, Sürücü M

Cultural explanations and clinical ethics: active euthanasia in neonatology

The authors have undertaken a study to explore the views in non-Western cultures about ending the lives of newborns with genetic defects. This study consists of including active euthanasia alongside withdrawal and withholding of treatment as…

Tags: 2014, Active, Ahmad A, Attitude, Backlog, Congenital Abnormalities, Euthanasia, Female, Hinduism, Humans, Infant, Islam, Journal Article, Journal of Medical Ethics, Male, Newborn, Students

Rights of the child: to die?

The legal position of the child as a vulnerable individual requires us as a society to treat them with special consideration in regard to the sanctity of life. In UK law, euthanasia is currently illegal, although there are some moves afoot to have…

Tags: 2014, Backlog, British Journal Of Nursing, Campbell A, Child, Child Advocacy, Europe, Euthanasia, Gormley-Fleming Liz, Humans, Journal Article, Patient Rights, Terminally Ill

Euthanasia for children and young people?

In February 2014 the Belgian parliament voted to extend the existing euthanasia law to cover children under the age of 18. The law sanctions euthanasia for children with terminal or incurable conditions who are near death, suffering 'constant and…

Tags: 2014, Adolescent, Backlog, Child, Europe, Euthanasia, Great Britain, Humans, International Journal of Palliative Nursing, Journal Article, Kelly D, Young Adult

Does the Belgian law legalising euthanasia for minors really address the needs of life-limited children?

2014-06

Tags: 2014, Adolescent, Backlog, Belgium, Child, Euthanasia, Freedom, Friedel M, Health Services Needs And Demand, Humans, International Journal of Palliative Nursing, Journal Article, Referral And Consultation, Terminally Ill

Judging the quality of mercy: drawing a line between palliation and euthanasia

Clinicians frequently worry that medications used to treat pain and suffering at the end of life might also hasten death. Intentionally hastening death, or euthanasia, is neither legal nor ethically appropriate in children. In this article, we…

Tags: 2014, 20th Century, Assisted, Backlog, Child, Ethics, Euthanasia, History, Humans, Journal Article, Kang TI, Medical, Morrison WE, Palliative Care, Passive, Pediatrics, Suicide

How the mass media report social statistics: a case study concerning research on end-of-life decisions

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VBF-50BJNTN-4/2/997a42ffdf7abfae6fcc09cbbc034284

Tags: 2010, Assisted dying, Backlog, End-of-life Care, Ethics, Euthanasia, Journal Article, Journalism, Mass Media, physician-assisted suicide, Seale C, Social science & medicine

Death by request in the Netherlands: facts, the legal context and effects on physicians, patients and families

Trends in the use of opioids at the end of life and the expected effects on hastening death

The aim of our study was to describe trends in opioid use and perceptions of having hastened the end of life of a patient. In 2005, a questionnaire was sent to 6860 physicians in The Netherlands who had attended a death. The response rate was 78%. In…

Impact of euthanasia on primary care physicians in the Netherlands.

BACKGROUND: There is only limited knowledge about the emotional impact that performing euthanasia has on primary care physicians (PCPs) in the Netherlands., OBJECTIVE: To obtain more insight into the emotional impact on PCPs of performing euthanasia…

Physician-assisted deaths under the euthanasia law in Belgium: a population-based survey

BACKGROUND: Legalization of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide has been heavily debated in many countries. To help inform this debate, we describe the practices of euthanasia and assisted suicide, and the use of life-ending drugs without an…

The role of nurses in physician-assisted deaths in Belgium

BACKGROUND: Belgium's law on euthanasia allows only physicians to perform the act. We investigated the involvement of nurses in the decision-making and in the preparation and administration of life-ending drugs with a patient's explicit request…

Attitudes of adolescent cancer survivors toward end-of-life decisions for minors.

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to investigate the attitudes of adolescent cancer survivors toward end-of-life decisions with life-shortening effects, including nontreatment decisions (NTDs), intensified alleviation of pain and symptoms (APS),…

The emerging issue of euthanasia

2005

Tags: 2005, Adolescent, Archives Of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Backlog, Child, Decision Making, Euthanasia, Humans, Infant, Journal Article, Longitudinal Studies, Netherlands, Newborn, Pediatrics/statistics & numerical data, Preschool, Siden HB, Terminal Care

Medical end-of-life decisions in neonates and infants in Flanders

2005

Tags: 2005, 48.9-64.0). Lethal drugs were administered in 15 cases among 117 early neonatal deaths and in two cases among 77 later deaths (13%vs 3%, 70.1-85.5) of the 121 physicians thought that their professional duty sometimes includes the prevention of unnecessary suffering by hastening death and 69 (58%, 95% CI 70.4-82.4) of the 253 deaths studied, Active/psychology/statistics & numerical data Female Humans Infant Infant, and such a decision was made in 14 3 cases (57%, Attitude of Health Personnel Belgium, Backlog, Bilsen J, Cools F, Decision Making, Deliens L, Euthanasia, Journal Article, Lancet, Mortier F, Newborn Male Pain/therapy Palliative Care/statistics & numerical data Physicians/, Non-U.S. Gov't, p=0.018). The attitude study showed that 95 (79%, PedPal Lit, Provoost V, psychology Questionnaires Research Support, Ramet J, Vandenplas Y, Withholding Treatment/statistics & Numerical Data

Physician-assisted suicide--Oregon and beyond

Creation of a neonatal end-of-life palliative care protocol

OBJECTIVE: To create a protocol delineating the needs of patients, families, and staff necessary to provide a pain-free, dignified, family-, and staff-supported death for newborns who cannot benefit from intensive, life-extending, technological…

Attitudes and preferences of intensivists regarding the role of family interests in medical decision making for incompetent patients

OBJECTIVE: The role of family interests in medical decision making is controversial. Physicians who routinely treat incompetent patients may have preferred strategies for addressing family interests as they are encountered in surrogate medical…

A descriptive study of children dying in the pediatric intensive care unit after withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment

OBJECTIVE: To examine physiologic and therapeutic changes following withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment in children. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: University-affiliated tertiary care pediatric hospital. PATIENTS: All patients who…

Forgoing life-sustaining treatments in children: a comparison between Northern and Southern European pediatric intensive care units

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to determine how the decision-making process to forgo life support differs between southern and northern European pediatric intensive care units. DESIGN: Multiple-center, prospective study. SETTING: Thirty-nine…

Forgoing life support across borders: who decides and why?

Consensus guidelines on analgesia and sedation in dying intensive care unit patients

BACKGROUND: Intensivists must provide enough analgesia and sedation to ensure dying patients receive good palliative care. However, if it is perceived that too much is given, they risk prosecution for committing euthanasia. The goal of this study is…

Extreme prematurity and parental rights after Baby Doe

Withholding nutrition from seriously ill newborn infants: a parent's perspective

Informed dissent: the views of some mothers of severely mentally handicapped young adults

Much of the discussion since the Arthur case has centred round the rights of handicapped infants to medical treatment. Little has centred round the question of how far one person can rightly be required to sacrifice her life for another, when she has…

Must patients always be given food and water?

KIE: The widespread consensus that withholding certain life-sustaining treatments, especially those entailing substantial suffering, is sometimes in a patient's best interest conflicts with our basic instincts when the treatments are food and water.…

Termination of nutrition and hydration in a child with vegetative state

A child in a vegetative state may present difficult decisions for physicians and families regarding the course of treatment. We report a case of a child who entered a prolonged vegetative state following status epilepticus. The child's parents…

Care for dying patients.

1997

Tags: 1997, Advance Care Planning, Advance Directives, Backlog, Communication, Decision Making, DNAR, Emanuel EJ, Euthanasia, Family, Humans, Journal Article, Lancet, Palliative Care, Passive, Physician-patient Relations, Physicians, Terminal Care, Withholding Treatment

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