Browse Items · Pediatric Palliative Care Library

Effects of offering advance directives on medical treatments and costs

Objective: To examine the effects of advance directives on medical treatments and on patient satisfaction and well-being and to determine whether the enhancement of patient autonomy through advance directives provides a more ethically feasible…

Severe periodic febrile myalgia in infancy due to carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency

A 7 1/2-yr-old girl suffered, since early infancy, severe recurrent myalgia during periodic attacks of fever, vomiting and pharyngitis. Neither myoglobinuria nor exercise-induced muscle pain was present. She was found to have carnitine…

Tags: 1992, Backlog, Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase/deficiency/metabolism, Child, Female, Fever/enzymology/etiology, Humans, Journal Article, Lahat E, Muscular Diseases/enzymology/etiology, Neuromuscular Disorders, Periodicity, Q3 Scoping Review Results, Schechter A, Schiffmann R

Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): a reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test

Research on dispositional optimism as assessed by the Life Orientation Test (Scheier & Carver, 1985) has been challenged on the grounds that effects attributed to optimism are indistinguishable from those of unmeasured third variables, most notably,…

Interleukin 1 beta and corticotropin-releasing factor inhibit pain by releasing opioids from immune cells in inflamed tissue

Local analgesic effects of exogenous opioid agonists are particularly prominent in painful inflammatory conditions and are mediated by opioid receptors on peripheral sensory nerves. The endogenous ligands of these receptors, opioid peptides, have…

Tags: 1994, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Antibodies/pharmacology, Backlog, beta-Endorphin/immunology/physiology, Biomarkers of Pain, Carter L, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Cyclosporine/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Dynorphins/immunology/physiology, Endorphins/immunology/physiology/secretion, Enkephalin, Humans, Inflammation/immunology/physiopathology, Injections, Interleukin-1/administration & dosage/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Journal Article, Leucine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology, Male, Methionine/immunology/physiology, Naloxone/pharmacology, Pain/immunology/physiopathology/prevention & control, Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America, Rats, Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Regression Analysis, Schafer M, Somatostatin/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology, Stein C, Wistar

The opiate hypothesis in autism and self-injury

The opiate hypothesis maintains that patients engage in self-injurious behavior (SIB) either because they are partially analgesic (pathologically altered pain threshold) or because SIB supplies a "fix" for an addicted endogenous opiate system. The…

Tags: 1990, Analgesics, Autism, Autistic disorder, Backlog, Journal Article, Journal Of Child And Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Naloxone, Naltrexone, Opioid, Pain, Pain Measurement, Pain Threshold, Sandman CA, Self Mutiliation, Self-Injurious behavior

Rigor or rigor mortis: The problem of rigor in qualitative research revisited

1993

Tags: 1993, Advances in Nursing Science, Backlog, Journal Article, Qualitative Research, Research, Sandelowski M

Infantile systemic hyalinosis in a black infant

A black girl was born with flexion contractures and experienced pain on movement by 1 week of age. She subsequently developed perioral papules, gingival hyperplasia, perianal nodules, torticollis, diarrhea, rectal prolapse, and inability to open her…

Intermittent but not continuous inescapable footshock stress affects immune responses and immunocyte beta-endorphin concentrations in the rat

It is well known that a variety of stressors influence immune responses. The opioid peptide-beta-endorphin (BE) is deeply involved in stress responses, is synthesized in cells of the immune system, and participates in the modulation of immune…

Age-related changes of beta-endorphin and cholecystokinin in human and rat mononuclear cells

Beta-endorphin (BE) and cholecystokinin (CCK) were measured in fresh PBMC isolated from human subjects and rats. The BE and CCK PBMC contents increased significantly with age both in human and rat models. Moreover, polyclonal stimulation induced a…

Objective assessment of changing mortality risks in pediatric intensive care unit patients.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a mortality risk predictor based on physiologic data that estimates daily the probability of a patient dying within the next 24 hrs as that probability changes with disease and recovery. SETTING: Nine pediatric ICUs…

Gender differences in infirmary use at a residential summer camp

Studies of health behavior in adults show that women report more morbidity and greater health service utilization than do men, despite lower mortality rates. Explanations involve social and biological gender differences in adult life. Infirmary…

Quality assurance and total quality management

1992

Tags: 1992, Australia, Backlog, Health Care, Hospital Administration/standards, Human, Journal Article, Medical Journal Of Australia, Quality Assurance, Roy LP

When a Child Dies: Special Considerations for Providing Mental Health Counseling for Bereaved Parents

Notes that grieving following the death of child tends to be intense and enduring, often resulting in diminished psychological and interpersonal functioning for surviving parents. Reviews literature on parental bereavement focusing on unique nature…

Tags: 1993, Backlog, Bereavement Leave Policy Paper, Journal Article, Journal Of Mental Health Counseling, Romanoff BD

Chronic hypoxia selectively augments rat pulmonary artery Ca2+ and K+ channel-mediated relaxation.

The initiating event in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is felt to be sustained hypoxic vasoconstriction, ultimately leading to vascular remodeling and fixed pulmonary hypertension. During the initial vasospastic phase endogenous vasodilatory pathways…

Physician uncertainty and the art of persuasion

Incomplete information is a chronic feature of medica markets. Much attention has focused on information asymmetries between physicians and their patients. In contrast, physician uncertainty has received far less attention. This is a significant…

Tags: 1993, Backlog, Clinical Competence, Decision Making, Decision Support Techniques, Humans, Journal Article, Persuasive Communication, Physicians/psychology, Rizzo JA, Social science & medicine

Treatment of Complicated Mourning (Book)

Reviews the book "Treatment of Complicated Mourning," by Therese A. Rando.; Reviews the book "Treatment of Complicated Mourning," by Therese A. Rando.

Tags: 1994, Backlog, Bereavement -- Psychological aspects, BOOKS -- Reviews, Family Journal, Journal Article, NONFICTION, RANDO, Rexroat RV, SSHRC CURA, Therese A, TREATMENT of Complicated Mourning (Book)

Assessing the clinical importance of symptomatic improvements. An illustration in rheumatology

OBJECTIVE: To estimate when a difference in disability symptoms is sufficiently large to be important to individual patients. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of two groups: derivation set (n = 46) and validation set (n = 57). SETTING: The Arthritis…

Habitual somatic discomfort in a representative sample of adolescents

The study is concerned with relations between habitual somatic discomfort, assessed by means of a questionnaire, and indicators of psychosocial adjustment, in a representative sample of 15-16 yr-old Finnish girls (N = 179) and boys (N = 205). Symptom…

Tags: 1992, Adaptation, Adolescent, Backlog, Female, Humans, Journal Article, Journal of Psychosomatic Research, Male, Personality Development, Personality Inventory, Psychological, Rauste-von WM, Set (Psychology), Social Adjustment, Social Support, Somatoform Disorders/psychology, von Wright J

Treatment of complicated mourning

Tags: 1993, Bereavement -- Psychological aspects, Book/Book Section, Grief therapy, Loss (Psychology), Rando TA, SSHRC CURA

Gene expression and localization of opioid peptides in immune cells of inflamed tissue: functional role in antinociception

Our previous studies indicate that endogenous opioids (primarily beta-endorphin) released during stressful stimuli can interact with peripheral opioid receptors to inhibit nociception in inflamed tissue of rats. This study sought to localize opioid…

Terminal dehydration, a compassionate treatment

The Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale: an instrument for the evaluation of symptom prevalence, characteristics and distress

The Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS) is a new patient-rated instrument that was developed to provide multidimensional information about a diverse group of common symptoms. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the MSAS in the…

The nature of opioid responsiveness and its implications for neuropathic pain: new hypotheses derived from studies of opioid infusions

In recent years, the observation that the response of patients to opioid drugs may be influenced by properties inherent in the pain or pain syndrome, such as its pathophysiology, has evolved into the belief that certain types of pain, e.g.,…

Physiological changes, plasma beta-endorphin and cortisol responses to tracheal intubation in neonates

Physiological, plasma beta-endorphin and cortisol responses to nasotracheal intubation were studied in 20 distressed infants of median age 0.3 days (range 0.1-23 days) randomized into groups given pethidine 1 mg/kg (n = 10) or alfentanil 20…

Methionine enkephalin-like, substance P-like, and beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in human parotid saliva

These three neuropeptides were measured at daily baseline values by radioimmunoassay. Stimulated parotid saliva was collected from 31 subjects using a modified Carlson-Crittenden device affixed over Stenson's duct. Methionine enkephalin-like…

Behavioral Treatment of Sleep Dysfunction in Patients with the Rett Syndrome

Aberrant sleep patterns are commonly experienced by girls with the Rett syndrome. In this investigation, the problematic sleep of three girls with the Rett syndrome was regulated using a bedtime fading procedure with response cost. The treatment…

Tags: 1991, Backlog, Behavior Therapy, Brain & Development, Child, Female, Fisher W, Human, Journal Article, Moser H, Piazza CC, Preschool, Rett Syndrome/co [Complications], Sleep Disorders/et [Etiology], Sleep Disorders/th [Therapy]

Aberrant sleep patterns in children with the Rett syndrome

Previous studies on the characteristics of disturbed sleep/wake patterns in children with the Rett syndrome have yielded inconsistent findings. In the current study, momentary time sampling procedures were used to measure the sleep/wake patterns of…

Aberrant sleep patterns in children with the Rett syndrome

Previous studies on the characteristics of disturbed sleep/wake patterns in children with the Rett syndrome have yielded inconsistent findings. In the current study, momentary time sampling procedures were used to measure the sleep/wake patterns of…

TEACHING SELF-FEEDING SKILLS TO PATIENTS WITH RETT-SYNDROME

Few studies have examined the extent to which functional hand-use may be taught to girls with Rett syndrome after those skills have been lost. In this investigation, five females with classic Rett syndrome taught to feed themselves using a method of…

Tags: 1993, Anderson C, Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, feeding difficulties, Fisher W, girls, Neurosciences & Neurology, Pediatrics, Piazza C C, psychological intervention, Rett syndrome, splints, tone and motor problems

Peripheral opioid receptors mediating antinociception in inflammation. Activation by endogenous opioids and role of the pituitary-adrenal axis

This study investigated the involvement of endogenous opioid peptides in mediating cold water swim (CWS) stress-induced antinociception (SIA) in rats with unilateral hind paw inflammation induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Following 0.5, 1…

Brain and gut neuropeptides in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Neuropeptides, initially thought to be common features of gut and brain, are only synthesized in immune cells and modulate immune functions. The presence and possible functions of these peptides in immune cells in both physiological or pathological…

Contractile mechanisms of action of gastroprokinetic agents: cisapride, metoclopramide, and domperidone

We investigated the contractile mechanisms of action of three putative gastroprokinetic agents (cisapride, metoclopramide, and domperidone) on the linear phase of gastroduodenal emptying of solid meals in six healthy conscious dogs. The spatial and…

Advice seeking and appropriate use of a pediatric emergency department

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether seeking advice prior to an unscheduled visit to a pediatric emergency department (PED) influences appropriate use of this setting for minor illnesses. DESIGN: Cross-sectional questionnaire survey. SETTING: The medical…

Work, knowledge and argument in specialist consultations: incorporating tacit knowledge into system design and development

To understand how video telephone technology could support consultations between pathologists and surgeons, this study looked at what constitutes 'work' in clinical consultations. Using several methods (participant observation, video and interviews),…

Tags: 1993, Backlog, Clinical, Communication, Hospital, Humans, Interprofessional Relations, Journal Article, Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, Medical Staff, Non-U.S. Gov't, Nyce JM, Pathology, Research Support, Surgery, Timpka T

Seizures in children with congenital hydrocephalus: long-term outcome

We documented seizures in 33 of 68 (48.5%) children with congenital hydrocephalus not associated with myelomeningocele. Mental retardation (MR) and CNS malformations correlated with seizure occurrence; age at shunt insertion and number of shunt…

Tags: 1992, Analysis of Variance, Backlog, Blake JN, Child, Epilepsy/etiology/physiopathology, Follow-up Studies, Humans, Hydrocephalus/complications/physiopathology, Infant, Journal Article, Neurology, Noetzel MJ, Preschool, Prognosis, Q3 Scoping Review Results, Recurrence, Regression Analysis

Corneal surface irregularities and episodic pain in a patient with mucolipidosis IV

Mucolipidosis IV is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by prominent involvement of the corneal epithelium. A 5-year-old boy with mucolipidosis IV experienced recurrent episodes of severe ocular pain, tearing, and ipsilateral facial flushing.…

Measured enthusiasm: does the method of reporting trial results alter perceptions of therapeutic effectiveness?

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinicians' ratings of therapeutic effectiveness when different trial end points were presented as percent reductions in relative compared with absolute risk and as numbers of patients treated to avoid one adverse outcome.…

Nasogastric or gastrostomy feedings in children with neurologic disabilities

Although pediatricians are increasingly aware of the problem of undernutrition in children with neurologic disabilities, many of these children remain poorly nourished despite prolonged attempts at oral feedings. We studied the effects of tube…

Tags: 1994, Backlog, Child, Christoffel KK, Clinical Pediatrics, Enteral Nutrition, Female, Humans, Infant, Journal Article, Male, Naureckas SM, Nervous System Diseases/complications/therapy, Nutrition Disorders/etiology/prevention & control, Preschool

Transition program from pediatric to adult care for cystic fibrosis patients

A survey of adolescents and young adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) attending an adult CF center was conducted to evaluate a transition program as a means of transferring care from pediatric to adult setting. A total of 40 patients completed a…

Liver involvement in Alpers disease

Alpers disease consists of diffuse cerebral degeneration manifested as developmental delay, seizures, vomiting, and progressive neuromuscular deterioration, with liver disease and death. We report the clinical course of the liver disease, histologic…

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