Browse Items · Pediatric Palliative Care Library

A comparison of two regimens of patient-controlled analgesia for children with sickle cell disease

Recently, patient controlled analgesia (PCA) has gained prominence in the treatment of pain for children suffering from vaso-occlusive crisis associated with sickle cell disease. Because there are several different regimens that can be used for PCA,…

A prospective evaluation of opioid weaning in opioid-dependent pediatric critical care patients

Critically ill children are treated with opioid medication in an attempt to decrease stress and alleviate pain during prolonged pediatric intensive care. This treatment plan places children at risk for opioid dependency. Once dependent, children need…

A randomized, controlled trial of intravenous clodronate in patients with metastatic bone disease and pain

To evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous clodronate in ameliorating refractory bone pain in patients with metastatic bone disease, 60 patients with established osseous metastases and persistent bone pain were randomized to receive either…

An alternative in terminal care: results of the National Hospice Study

Hospice is a program of supportive services for terminally ill patients and their families, provided either at home or in designated inpatient settings, which is purported to improve patient and family quality of life at lower cost than conventional…

An overview of National Hospice Study findings

Anorexia/cachexia-related quality of life for children with cancer

BACKGROUND: Anorexia is a common symptom in patients with cancer, which can lead to poor tolerance of treatment and can contribute to cachexia in extreme cases. Children with advanced-stage cancer are especially vulnerable to malnutrition resulting…

Beta-endorphin disregulation in autistic and self-injurious behavior: a neurodevelopmental hypothesis

Peptides derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) influence neurodevelopmental processes. Earlier studies indicated that MSH/ACTH compounds improved behavioral efficiency in retarded individuals. Recent studies have shown that opiate blockers reduce…

Tags: 1988, Adult, Autistic Disorder/drug therapy/physiopathology, Backlog, beta-Endorphin/blood/physiology, Clinical Trials, Comparative Study, Developmental Disabilities/drug therapy/physiopathology, Homeostasis, Humans, Journal Article, Male, Naloxone/therapeutic use, Naltrexone/diagnostic use, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, Sandman CA, Synapse (new York, N.Y.)

Comparative clinical efficacy and safety of a novel controlled-release oxycodone formulation and controlled-release hydromorphone in the treatment of cancer pain

BACKGROUND: The use of oxycodone to treat chronic cancer pain has been hampered by its short elimination half-life, which necessitates administration every 4 hours. This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of a novel oxycodone formulation…

Tags: 1997, Analgesics, Babul N, Backlog, Cancer, Comparative Study, Cross-Over Studies, Delayed-Action Preparations, Double-Blind Method, Drug Evaluation, Female, Hagen NA, Humans, Hydromorphone/administration & Male, Journal Article, Middle Aged, Neoplasms/complications, Opioid/administration & dosage, Oxycodone/administration & Pain/drug therapy

Comparing parent loss with sibling loss

The death of a loved one is a traumatic loss for children, but little attention has been paid to how children's responses vary according to who died--a parent or a sibling. This article reports the findings of a comparison between children's…

Comparison of continuous subcutaneous and intravenous hydromorphone infusions for management of cancer pain

To compare the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous and intravenous infusion of opioid analgesics, a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial was carried out in inpatients. 15 patients with severe cancer pain received two 48 h infusions of…

Comparison of different bolus doses of morphine for patient-controlled analgesia in children

Forty children undergoing appendicectomy were allocated randomly to receive one of two PCA regimens with morphine. Group B10 received bolus doses of 10 micrograms kg-1 and group B20 received bolus doses of 20 micrograms kg-1. In both groups there was…

Comparison of morphine and methadone for prevention of postoperative pain in 3- to 7-year-old children

A randomized, double-blind, prospective study was performed to determine the effects of perioperative administration of morphine or methadone on postoperative analgesic requirements and pain scores in 35 children aged 3 to 7 years undergoing major…

Compliance of palliative care standards in children with cancer in select Middle Eastern countries: a comparative study

BACKGROUND: Palliative care is one of the necessary elements in the treatment of children with cancer. Adaptation of country-specific palliative care practices to universal standards can provide valuable information for health care stakeholders. AIM:…

Tags: 2020, Cancer, Children, Comparative Study, Developing World 2020 List, Ebadinejad Z, Fakhr-Movahedi A, International Journal of Palliative Nursing, Middle East countries, Palliative Care, Rassouli M

Control of inflammatory pain by chemokine-mediated recruitment of opioid-containing polymorphonuclear cells

Opioid-containing leukocytes can counteract inflammatory hyperalgesia. Under stress or after local injection of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), opioid peptides are released from leukocytes, bind to opioid receptors on peripheral sensory neurons…

Tags: 2004, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Antibodies/pharmacology, Backlog, Brack A, Cell Count/methods, Cell Movement/physiology, Chemokines, Chemokines/immunology/physiology, Comparative Study, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use, CXC/immunology/metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Routes, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods, Flow Cytometry/methods, Freund's Adjuvant, Gene Expression Regulation/physiology, Immunohistochemistry/methods, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/immunology/metabolism, Interleukin-8B/metabolism, Journal Article, Leder K, Machelska H, Male, Mousa SA, Naloxone/pharmacology, Narcotics/metabolism, Neurogenic Inflammation/chemically induced/complications/therapy, Neutrophils/metabolism, Non-U.S. Gov't, Pain, Pain Measurement, Pain Threshold/drug effects, Pain/etiology/therapy, Rats, Receptors, Research Support, Rittner HL, Schafer M, Stein C, Wistar

Critical care medicine in the United States 1985-2000: an analysis of bed numbers, use, and costs

OBJECTIVE: To establish a database that permits description and analysis of the evolving role, patterns of use, and costs of critical care medicine (CCM) in the United States from 1985 to 2000. DESIGN: Retrospective study combining data from federal…

Tags: 2004, Backlog, Bed Occupancy/statistics & numerical data, Comparative Study, Critical Care Medicine, Critical Care/economics/statistics & numerical data/trends/utilization, Databases, Factual, Greenstein RJ, Halpern NA, Journal Article, Non-U.S. Gov't, Pastores SM, Research Support, Retrospective Studies, United States

Death of a child at home or in the hospital: subsequent psychological adjustment of the family

Twenty-four families who had participated in a Home Care Program for children terminally ill with cancer and 13 families of similar children who had died in the hospital completed inventories on parent and sibling personality as well as family…

Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): a reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test

Research on dispositional optimism as assessed by the Life Orientation Test (Scheier & Carver, 1985) has been challenged on the grounds that effects attributed to optimism are indistinguishable from those of unmeasured third variables, most notably,…

Dying children need help too

1979

Tags: 1979, Backlog, British Medical Journal, Case Report, Chapman JA, Child, Child Care/methods/standards, Comparative Study, Cystic Fibrosis/therapy, Female, Goodall J, Human, Journal Article, Terminal Care/methods/standards

Efficacy of psychotropic drugs for reducing self-injurious behavior in the developmental disabilities

Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is a serious and moderately prevalent problem behavior among developmentally disabled persons, and it frequently leads to treatment with psychotropic medication. The empirical literature relating to the efficacy of…

Tags: 1993, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/tu [Therapeutic Use], Aman MG, Annals Of Clinical Psychiatry : Official Journal Of The American Academy Of Clinical Psychiatrists, Anti-Anxiety Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use], Antidepressive Agents/cl [Classification], Antidepressive Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use], Antipsychotic Agents/ad [Administration & Dosage], Antipsychotic Agents/pd [Pharmacology], Antipsychotic Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use], Backlog, Comparative Study, Dopamine/me [Metabolism], Female, Human, Journal Article, Lithium Carbonate/tu [Therapeutic Use], Male, Mental Retardation/co [Complications], Mental Retardation/di [Diagnosis], Naloxone/tu [Therapeutic Use], Naltrexone/tu [Therapeutic Use], P.H.S., Receptors, Self-Injurious Behavior/co [Complications], Self-Injurious Behavior/dt [Drug Therapy], Support, Treatment Outcome, U.S. Gov't

Empowerment through photo novella: portraits of participation

Photo novella does not entrust cameras to health specialists, policymakers, or professional photographers, but puts them in the hands of children, rural women, grassroots workers, and other constituents with little access to those who make decisions…

Epidural analgesia for postoperative pain control in children

Ninety-eight continuous postoperative epidurals were administered to 87 children. The patients were divided into two groups: group I included 63 cases in which a 0.0625-0.25% solution of bupivacaine was continuously administered; group II included 35…

Evaluation of heart murmurs in children: cost-effectiveness and practical implications

OBJECTIVE: To assess the cost-effectiveness of various strategies to evaluate heart murmurs in children. METHODS: We modeled 6 strategies to follow the initial examination by the pediatrician: (1) refer suspected pathologic murmurs to a cardiologist,…

Gait, Balance, and Coordination Impairments in Niemann Pick Disease, Type C1

This is the first study to objectively measure gait, balance, and upper limb coordination in a group of patients with NPC1 and compare the results to age and gender matched controls. This is also the first study to report effect sizes in these…

Tags: 2 hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin, 2018, 94035-02-6 (2 hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin), Adolescent, Adult, Alter K, Article, balance impairment, body equilibrium, case control study, characteristics, Child, Clinical Article, clinical evaluation, Comparative Study, coordination disorder, disease severity assessment, Farhat N, Female, gait disorder, Human, Human Development, intervention study, Journal of Child Neurology, Keener L A, Male, molecular stability, motion analysis system, Neurologic Examination, Niemann Pick disease, NIH NPC Neurologic Severity Scale, NPC, outcome assessment, performance, Porter F, Preschool Child, Priority Journal, Research, Retrospective Study, Sansare A, School Child, scoring system, spatiotemporal analysis, stabilography, Stanley C, tone and motor problems, Trajectory, Upper limb, vts 270, Young Adult, Zampieri C

Hospital charges for a community inpatient palliative care program

Defining financial parameters of palliative care (PC) is important for providing sustainable programming. In our study, we evaluated hospital length of stay (LOS) and charges for the first 164 inpatient PC consultations performed by the Advanced…

Hospitalization for mental illness among parents after the death of a child.

BACKGROUND: The loss of a child is considered one of the most stressful events in the life of a parent. We hypothesized that parental bereavement increases the risk of hospital admission for a psychiatric disorder, especially for affective disorders.…

Impact of palliative care case management on resource use by patients dying of cancer at a Veterans Affairs medical center

BACKGROUND: The VA Puget Sound Health Care System (VAPSHCS) started a palliative care service (PCS) in October 2001 to provide case management for patients with advanced cancer. OBJECTIVE: To examine resource use during the last 60 days of life for…

Incontinence in Individuals with Rett Syndrome: A Comparative Study

Frequency and type of incontinence and its association with other variables were assessed in females with Rett Syndrome (RS) ( = 63), using an adapted Dutch version of the 'Parental Questionnaire: Enuresis/Urinary Incontinence' (Beetz et al. 1994).…

Increased concentration of beta-endorphin in sera of patients with psoriasis and other inflammatory dermatoses

Serum beta-endorphin was quantified by radioimmunoassay in 71 patients with psoriasis vulgaris, other chronic inflammatory skin diseases with T-cell infiltrates [atopic dermatitis (n = 25), and systemic sclerosis (n = 34)], and 100 healthy subjects.…

Individual responder analyses for pain: does one pain scale fit all?

The outcomes of clinical trials are based on the mean responses of large numbers of subjects but fail to address inter-individual differences. The molecular mechanisms that underlie pain vary among individuals over time and among different types of…

Tags: 2005, Backlog, Bartoshuk L, Clinical Trials/methods/trends, Comparative Study, Dionne RA, Humans, Journal Article, Mogil J, P.H.S., Pain Measurement/drug effects/methods/standards, Pain/drug therapy/physiopathology, Reproducibility of Results, Research Support, Trends In Pharmacological Sciences, U.S. Gov't, Witter J

Intensive care unit admission has minimal impact on long-term mortality

OBJECTIVE: To measure the association between intensive care unit (ICU) admission and both hospital and long-term mortality, separate from the effect of hospital admission alone. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: All hospitals in British…

Intermittent but not continuous inescapable footshock stress affects immune responses and immunocyte beta-endorphin concentrations in the rat

It is well known that a variety of stressors influence immune responses. The opioid peptide-beta-endorphin (BE) is deeply involved in stress responses, is synthesized in cells of the immune system, and participates in the modulation of immune…

Lactation Support as a Proxy Measure of Family-Centered Care Quality in Neonates with Life-Limiting Conditions-A Comparative Study

Lactation support is an important measure of Family-Centered Care (FCC) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Life-limiting conditions (LLCs) raise complex ethical care issues for providers and parents in the NICU and represent a key and often…

Tags: 2023, Article, Brannon M, breast feeding, breast pump, Brito S, Cerebral Palsy, Chahin N, Children, clinical assessment, Cognitive Defect, Cohort Analysis, Comparative Study, Congenital Heart Disease, Controlled Study, do not resuscitate order, Donor Milk, extracorporeal oxygenation, Family Centered Care, February List 2024, Female, Fox J, gastrointestinal disease, Genetic Disorder, Gestational Age, health disparity, Hendricks-Munoz KD, Hospital Admission, hospital discharge, Human, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, incurable disease, Infant, kidney disease, lactation, learning disorder, Length Of Stay, Life limiting condition, Lung Disease, Major Clinical Study, Male, McCarthy K, Mohammed T, Mortality, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neurologic Disease, Nubayaat L, Nunlist S, nutritional deficiency, Retrospective Study, Seizure, sensory dysfunction, Williams A, Xu J

Managing end-of-life care: comparing the experiences of terminally Ill patients in managed care and fee for service

There have been no published empirical studies comparing the experiences of terminally ill patients in managed care organizations (MCOs) and those in fee for service (FFS). This investigation represents the first empirical study to systematically…

Meaning in caregiving and its contribution to caregiver well-being.

This multivariate study examined the relationship between meaning in caregiving--positive beliefs about the caregiving situation and the self as caregiver--and the psychological well-being of 131 informal caregivers to community-residing frail…

Mitochondrial capacity, muscle endurance, and low energy in friedreich ataxia

Introduction: In this study we noninvasively evaluated skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity, muscle-specific endurance, and energy/fatigue feelings in persons with Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) and able-bodied controls (AB). Methods: Forearm…

Modulation of cortical-limbic pathways in major depression: treatment-specific effects of cognitive behavior therapy

BACKGROUND: Functional imaging studies of major depressive disorder demonstrate response-specific regional changes following various modes of antidepressant treatment. OBJECTIVE: To examine changes associated with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT).…

Tags: 2004, Adult, Ambulatory Care, Antidepressive Agents, Archives Of General Psychiatry, Backlog, Bieling P, Blood Glucose/metabolism, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Cognitive Therapy, Comparative Study, Depressive Disorder, Emission-Computed, Energy Metabolism/physiology, Female, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/diagnostic use, Follow-up Studies, Frontal Lobe/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Garson C, Goldapple K, Humans, Journal Article, Kennedy S, Lau M, Limbic System/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Major/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging/therapy, Male, Mayberg H, Middle Aged, Nerve Net/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Neural Pathways/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Non-U.S. Gov't, Outcome And Process Assessment (health Care), Paroxetine/therapeutic use, Personality Inventory, Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Research Support, Second-Generation/therapeutic use, Segal Z, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography

Not ready for hospice: characteristics of patients in a pre-hospice program

CONTEXT: There are many patients with terminal illness for whom hospice care would be appropriate, but they either never enroll or enroll very late. In a pre-hospice program designed to help patients make the transition into hospice, we observed that…

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