Browse Items · Pediatric Palliative Care Library

Proopiomelanocortin, a polypeptide precursor with multiple functions: from physiology to pathological conditions

Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) is the polypeptide precursor of ACTH. First discovered in anterior pituitary corticotroph cells, it has more recently been revealed to have many other physiological aspects. The fine molecular mechanisms of ACTH…

Tags: 2003, Animals, Backlog, Bertagna X, Biomarkers of Pain, de Keyzer Y, European Journal Of Endocrinology, Female, Humans, Journal Article, Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology, Neuropeptides/metabolism, Pregnancy, Pro-Opiomelanocortin/biosynthesis/genetics/physiology, Raffin-Sanson ML

Can we conquer pain?

Pain can be an adaptive sensation, an early warning to protect the body from tissue injury. By the introduction of hypersensitivity to normally innocuous stimuli, pain may also aid in repair after tissue damage. Pain can also be maladaptive,…

Tags: 2002, Afferent Pathways/drug effects/metabolism/physiopathology, Analgesics/pharmacology, Animal, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Cell Surface/drug effects/metabolism, Central Nervous System/drug effects/metabolism/physiopathology, Drug Design, Human, Journal Article, Nature Neuroscience, Nociceptors/drug effects/metabolism, Pain/drug therapy/metabolism/physiopathology, Receptors, Scholz J, Signal Transduction/drug effects/physiology, Synaptic Transmission/drug effects/physiology, Woolf CJ

Naltrexone therapy of apnea in children with elevated cerebrospinal fluid beta-endorphin

Previous studies have indicated increased immunoreactivity of the endogenous opioid peptide beta-endorphin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of infants under 2 years of age with apnea. To assess the role of endogenous opioids in the pathogenesis of…

Beta-endorphin levels of children in acute stress

In this study aiming to clarify the relationships between beta-endorphin and glucose levels, beta-endorphin levels were determined in children in acute stress. The study was carried out on 32 critically ill children between 5 days and 12 years…

Peripheral opioid receptors mediating antinociception in inflammation. Activation by endogenous opioids and role of the pituitary-adrenal axis

This study investigated the involvement of endogenous opioid peptides in mediating cold water swim (CWS) stress-induced antinociception (SIA) in rats with unilateral hind paw inflammation induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Following 0.5, 1…

Foot-shock induced stress increases beta-endorphin levels in blood but not brain

1977

Tags: 1977, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Journal Article, Nature, Rossier J

Plasma beta-endorphin during clinical and experimental ischaemic pain

An improved radio-immunoassay using an antiserum directed towards the N-terminal part of the endogenous opioid peptide beta-endorphin 1-31 (beta-EP) was validated and applied to a study of beta-EP in plasma during ischaemic pain. Experimental…

Endogenous opioid activity in clinical hemorrhagic shock

Plasma beta-endorphin, cortisol and total opioid-like activities were measured upon arrival at the hospital in ten patients with extensive trauma and in a state of shock and 11 patients with minor injury. Patients in a state of shock had…

beta-Endorphin and adrenocorticotropin are selected concomitantly by the pituitary gland

The opiate-like peptide beta-endorphin and adrenocorticotropin are concomitantly secreted in increased amounts by the adenohypophysis in response to acute stress or long-term adrenalectomy as well as in vitro in response to purified corticotropin…

Associations between the neuroendocrine and immune systems

Organisms respond to infection with complex adaptations involving bidirectional communication between the immune and neuroendocrine systems. The idea of intercellular communication between the neuroendocrine and immune systems via common signal…

Tags: 1995, Animals, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Blalock JE, Cell Communication, Cytokines/physiology, Hormones/physiology, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology, Immune System/physiology, Interleukins/physiology, Journal Article, Journal Of Leukocyte Biology, Leukocytes/physiology, Neurosecretory Systems/physiology, Signal Transduction, Weigent DA

Methionine enkephalin-like, substance P-like, and beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in human parotid saliva

These three neuropeptides were measured at daily baseline values by radioimmunoassay. Stimulated parotid saliva was collected from 31 subjects using a modified Carlson-Crittenden device affixed over Stenson's duct. Methionine enkephalin-like…

Local analgesic effect of endogenous opioid peptides

Opioids produce analgesia by interacting with local opioid receptors in peripheral inflamed tissue. This study investigated whether endogenous ligands of these receptors are present in synovia and whether such opioid peptides can inhibit pain by…

Age-related changes in mitogen-induced beta-endorphin release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

beta-Endorphin is an opioid peptide synthesized in the pituitary, hypothalamus, and immunocytes, known to affect immune responses both when added in vitro and when its synthesis is increased in vivo (e.g., during stress). We show here that, similar…

Gene expression and localization of opioid peptides in immune cells of inflamed tissue: functional role in antinociception

Our previous studies indicate that endogenous opioids (primarily beta-endorphin) released during stressful stimuli can interact with peripheral opioid receptors to inhibit nociception in inflamed tissue of rats. This study sought to localize opioid…

Physiology of beta-endorphins. A close-up view and a review of the literature

When an endogenous morphine, beta-endorphin was discovered ten years ago, the fact that this morphine is present in the brain and many other tissues suggested to neurobiologists that these peptide opiates play a role which goes beyond that of a…

Tags: 1993, Backlog, Behavior/physiology, Bergal S, beta-Endorphin/physiology, Biomarkers of Pain, Biomarkers Reference List, Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Dalayeun JF, Humans, Ion Channels/physiology, Journal Article, Neurotransmitter Agents, Nores JM, Pain/physiopathology

Quantitative analysis of methionine enkephalin and beta-endorphin in the pituitary by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry

This manuscript reviews the use of an off-line combination of liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) to quantify endogenous neuropeptides in biological tissues and fluids, and tandem MS (MS/MS) to optimize the molecular specificity of…

Tags: 1998, Animals, Backlog, beta-Endorphin/analysis, Biomarkers of Pain, Chromatography, Desiderio DM, Enkephalin, High Pressure Liquid, Humans, Journal Article, Journal Of Chromatography.A, Mass Spectrometry, Methionine/analysis, Pituitary Gland/chemistry, Zhu X

A possible role for saliva as a diagnostic fluid in patients with chronic pain

OBJECTIVES: The focus of this review was on proteins and peptides found in saliva. Of greatest interest were those neuropeptides relevant to nociception and to the pathogenesis of chronic pain syndromes. An additional goal was to develop a…

The Faces Pain Scale-Revised: toward a common metric in pediatric pain measurement

The Faces Pain Scale (FPS; Bieri et al., Pain 41 (1990) 139) is a self-report measure used to assess the intensity of children's pain. Three studies were carried out to revise the original scale and validate the adapted version. In the first phase,…

Methionine-enkephalin-and Dynorphin A-release from immune cells and control of inflammatory pain

We have previously shown that beta-endorphin (END) is contained and released from memory-type T-cells within inflamed tissue and that it is capable to control pain (J Clin Invest 100(1) (1997) 142). Methionine-enkephalin (MET) and Dynorphin-A (DYN)…

Beta-endorphin levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and long-term naltrexone treatment in autistic children

We assessed the clinical and biological effects of high-dose, long-term Naltrexone (NTX) treatment in 11 children (3-11 years), who had been diagnosed as autistic. The drug was given following an open design, for 12 weeks. Beta-Endorphin (beta-END)…

Pain killers of the immune system

1997

Tags: 1997, Animals, Backlog, beta-Endorphin/biosynthesis/physiology, Biomarkers of Pain, Immunohistochemistry, Inflammation/pathology/physiopathology, Journal Article, Messenger/genetics, Nature Medicine, Pain/pathology/physiopathology, Pro-Opiomelanocortin/genetics, Radioimmunoassay, Rats, RNA, Sharp B, T-Lymphocytes/metabolism, Yaksh T

Pain control by immune-derived opioids

1. The nervous and immune systems communicate with each other by use of cytokines and neuropeptides. 2. Interactions between immune cell-derived opioid peptides and opioid receptors located in peripheral inflamed tissue lead to endogenous analgesia.…

Tags: 2000, Analgesics, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Clinical And Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology, Humans, Journal Article, Machelska H, Neuropeptides/therapeutic use, Opioid/drug effects/immunology, Opioid/therapeutic use, Pain/drug therapy/immunology, Peripheral Nervous System/drug effects, Receptors, Stein C

Beta-endorphin concentrations in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of migraine and tension-type headache patients

Levels of beta-endorphin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells have been studied as a new approach to investigating opioid tone in migraine and tension-type headache. Sixty-one patients with migraine without aura, 39 with migraine with aura and 23…

Hormonal response to surgical stress in schoolchildren

PURPOSE: To determine hormone concentrations (ACTH, cortisol, beta-endorphin) in children before and after surgery, to assess the correlation between any hormonal changes and to study the influence exercised on them by the severity of surgical stress…

The control of pain in peripheral tissue by opioids

1995

Tags: 1995, Afferent/drug effects, Animals, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Humans, Journal Article, Narcotics/therapeutic use, Neurons, Opioid/drug effects, Pain/drug Therapy, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy/physiopathology, Receptors, Stein C, The New England Journal Of Medicine

Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators

1998

Tags: 1998, Adaptation, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Brain/physiology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Homeostasis, Humans, Immune System/physiology, Journal Article, McEwen BS, Physiological, Stress/physiopathology, The New England Journal Of Medicine

Interleukin 1 beta and corticotropin-releasing factor inhibit pain by releasing opioids from immune cells in inflamed tissue

Local analgesic effects of exogenous opioid agonists are particularly prominent in painful inflammatory conditions and are mediated by opioid receptors on peripheral sensory nerves. The endogenous ligands of these receptors, opioid peptides, have…

Tags: 1994, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Antibodies/pharmacology, Backlog, beta-Endorphin/immunology/physiology, Biomarkers of Pain, Carter L, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Cyclosporine/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Dynorphins/immunology/physiology, Endorphins/immunology/physiology/secretion, Enkephalin, Humans, Inflammation/immunology/physiopathology, Injections, Interleukin-1/administration & dosage/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Journal Article, Leucine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology, Male, Methionine/immunology/physiology, Naloxone/pharmacology, Pain/immunology/physiopathology/prevention & control, Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America, Rats, Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Regression Analysis, Schafer M, Somatostatin/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology, Stein C, Wistar

Laboratory integration and utilization of tandem mass spectrometry in neonatal screening: a model for clinical mass spectrometry in the next millennium

Clinical and neonatal screening methods using a tandem mass spectrometer are clearly a model for modern laboratory testing in the new Millennium. By the year 2000, more than 1 million blood and plasma samples will have been tested in laboratories…

Opioid peptide-expressing leukocytes: identification, recruitment, and simultaneously increasing inhibition of inflammatory pain

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory pain can be effectively controlled by an interaction of opioid receptors on peripheral sensory nerve terminals with opioid peptides released from immune cells upon stressful stimulation. To define the source of opioid peptide…

Physiological changes, plasma beta-endorphin and cortisol responses to tracheal intubation in neonates

Physiological, plasma beta-endorphin and cortisol responses to nasotracheal intubation were studied in 20 distressed infants of median age 0.3 days (range 0.1-23 days) randomized into groups given pethidine 1 mg/kg (n = 10) or alfentanil 20…

The proopiomelanocortin system in cutaneous neuroimmunomodulation. An introductory overview

1999

Tags: 1999, Animals, Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Humans, Journal Article, Lipton J, Luger TA, Neuroimmunomodulation/physiology, Paus R, Pro-Opiomelanocortin/physiology, Skin Physiology, Skin/immunology, Slominski A

Proopiomelanocortin and the immune-neuroendocrine connection

This presentation will cover the history, recent developments in, and implications of the ability of both the immune and neuroendocrine systems to produce POMC. The discovery of POMC in immune cells was one of the events that heralded a molecular…

Tags: 1999, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences, Backlog, Base Sequence, Biomarkers of Pain, Biomarkers Reference List, Blalock JE, Humans, Immune System/physiology, Interleukin-1/physiology, Journal Article, Molecular Sequence Data, Neuroimmunomodulation/physiology, Neurosecretory Systems/physiology, Pro-Opiomelanocortin/genetics/physiology

Decreased levels of beta-endorphin in circulating mononuclear leukocytes from patients with acute myocardial infarction

Lymphocytes can be activated to produce and release opioid peptides. We investigated the levels of immunoreactive beta-endorphin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 11 patients with acute myocardial infarction. The concentrations of…

Beta-endorphin and cholecystokinin 8 concentrations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of autistic children

beta-Endorphin (beta-EP) and cholecystokinin 8 (CCK-8) concentrations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured in 12 drug-free autistic (AU) children, in 10 drug-free children with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) and in 11 healthy…

Immune cell-derived beta-endorphin. Production, release, and control of inflammatory pain in rats

Localized inflammation of a rat's hindpaw elicits an accumulation of beta-endorphin-(END) containing immune cells. We investigated the production, release, and antinociceptive effects of lymphocyte-derived END in relation to cell trafficking. In…

Ketamine-fentanyl-midazolam infusion for the control of symptoms in terminal life care

In this report, we describe nine terminally ill patients with metastatic cancer who were treated with an intravenous infusion consisting of ketamine (2 mg/ml)/fentanyl (5 micrograms/ml)/midazolam (0.1 mg/ml) (K/F/M) to control pain after traditional…

The use of methadone in cancer pain poorly responsive to other opioids

1998

Tags: 1998, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Journal Article, Makin MK, Morley JS, Pain Reviews

What do we know about the expression of proopiomelanocortin transcripts and related peptides in lymphoid tissue?

1993

Tags: 1993, Animals, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Endocrinology, Humans, Journal Article, Linner K, Lymphoid Tissue/metabolism, Messenger/metabolism, Pro-Opiomelanocortin/genetics, RNA, Sharp B

Analysis of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) messenger ribonucleic acid and POMC-derived peptides in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: no evidence for a lymphocyte-derived POMC system

A number of recent studies suggest that cells of the immune system, e.g. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), can synthesize and process POMC and secrete POMC-derived peptides, such as ACTH and endorphins, upon immune and hormonal challenges.…

The role of endogenous opioids and their receptors in the immune system

Opioid peptides appear to be dynamic signaling molecules that are produced within the immune system and are active regulators of an immune response. Furthermore, the receptors for these peptides occurring on immunocyte membranes share characteristics…

Tags: 1991, Animals, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Carr DJ, Endorphins/physiology, Humans, Immune System/physiology, Immunity, Journal Article, Opioid/physiology, Proceedings Of The Society For Experimental Biology And Medicine (New York, N.Y.), Receptors

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