Incontinence and psychological symptoms in individuals with Mowat-Wilson Syndrome
children; Rehabilitation; Enuresis; Education & Educational Research; phenotype; features; urinary-incontinence; angelman-syndrome; Fecal incontinence; hirschsprungs-disease; Mowat-Wilson Syndrome; Psychopathology; Urinary incontinence; constipation; behavioral problems; bowel incontinence; trajectory; characteristics; fecal incontinence
Background: Mowat-Wilson Syndrome (MWS) is caused by deletion/mutation of the ZEB2 gene on chromosome 2q22. MWS is characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, severe intellectual disability and other anomalies, e.g. seizures and/or Hirschsprung disease (HSCR). Most individuals have a sociable demeanor, but one third show psychological problems. Aims: The aim was to investigate incontinence and psychological problems in MWS. Methods and procedures: 26 children (4-12 years), 13 teens (13-17 years) and 8 adults (>18 years) were recruited through a MWS support group. The Parental Questionnaire: Enuresis/Urinary Incontinence, as well as the Developmental Behaviour Checklist (DBC) were completed by parents or care-givers. Outcomes and results: 97.7% of persons with MWS had incontinence (nocturnal enuresis 74.4%; daytime urinary incontinence 76.2%; fecal incontinence 81.4%). Incontinence remained high over age groups (children 95.8%, teens 100%, adults 100%). 46.2% of children, 25% of teens and 37.5% of adults exceeded the clinical cut-off on the DBC. The ability to use the toilet for micturition improved with age. Conclusions and implications: MWS incontinence rates are very high. All had physical disabilities including anomalies of the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract. Due to the high prevalence rates, a screening for incontinence and psychological problems in MWS is recommended. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Niemczyk J; Einfeld S; Mowat D; Equit M; Wagner C; Curfs L; von Gontard A
Research in Developmental Disabilities
2017
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2017.01.006" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1016/j.ridd.2017.01.006</a>
The Rett Syndrome Behaviour Questionnaire (RSBQ): refining the behavioural phenotype of Rett syndrome
Psychology; children; adolescents; epidemiology; diagnosis; questionnaire; Rett syndrome; behavioural phenotype; Psychiatry; mecp2 mutations; intellectual disability; mental-retardation; cpg-binding protein-2; MECP2; mental retardation; population prevalence; psychopathology; x-chromosome inactivation; behavioral problems; breathing difficulties; sleep disturbance; tone and motor problems; tool development; scale development; RSBQ
Background: Although physical features, including loss of hand skills, deceleration of head growth, spasticity and scoliosis, are cardinal features of Rett syndrome (RS), a number of behavioural features are also associated with the disorder, including hand stereotypies, hyperventilation and breath holding. No study has tested the specificity of these behavioural features to individuals with RS, compared to individuals with severe to profound mental retardation (SMR). Method: A novel checklist of characteristic RS behavioural and emotional features, the Rett Syndrome Behaviour Questionnaire (RSBQ), was developed to test the type and specificity of behavioural features of RS against those found in girls with SMR. Results: After controlling for the effects of RS-related physical disabilities, the RSBQ discriminated between the groups. Some aspects of the behaviours found to be specific to RS are included in the necessary or supportive RS diagnostic criteria, notably hand behaviours and breathing problems. Additional behavioural features were also more frequently reported in the RS than the SMR group, including mood fluctuations and signs of fear/anxiety, inconsolable crying and screaming at night, and repetitive mouth and tongue movements and grimacing. Conclusions: Full validation of the scale requires confirmation of its discriminatory power and reliability with independent samples of individuals with RS and SMR. Further delineation of the specific profile of behaviours seen in RS may help in identification of the function of the MECP2 gene and in improved differential diagnosis and management of individuals with RS.
Mount R H; Charman T; Hastings R P; Reilly S; Cass H
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
2002
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00236" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1111/1469-7610.00236</a>