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                <text>OBJECTIVES: Pediatric patients with life-limiting diagnoses frequently seek care in the pediatric emergency department (PED) during times of acute illness, or at end-of-life (EOL) . Although the population of patients with life-limiting diagnoses is heterogenous, clinician expertise in EOL communication is essential to providing family-centered care. In this study, we explored PED physician and nurse experiences with communication when eliciting EOL values, including factors specified to the PED environment, clinician perceptions of family supports and preferences, and clinicians' self-reflection of their skills and challenges in this sphere. &lt;br/&gt;METHOD(S): We performed a prospective qualitative study using semistructured interviews of PED physicians and nurses recruited from a quaternary care center. Thematic content analysis was performed on the transcribed interviews to identify codes and, ultimately, themes. &lt;br/&gt;RESULT(S): We interviewed 17 emergency department clinicians, including 10 physicians and 7 nurses. Thematic content analysis revealed 6 salient themes. The first theme related to contextual factors of the emergency department environment. Two additional themes related to patient and family characteristics, including unique patient and family factors and clinician interpretation of parental/family needs. Lastly, we found 3 clinician-focused themes including knowledge gaps in EOL communication, communication styles and priorities in EOL conversations with families, and coping with ethical challenges. &lt;br/&gt;CONCLUSION(S): PED clinicians report communication-related challenges to providing optimal care for families and patients with life-limiting diagnoses. Participants self-identified gaps in communication skills in this area. Future studies should focus on clinician educational interventions on the basis of this needs assessment and include family perspectives to develop best practice.&lt;br/&gt;Copyright &amp;#xa9; 2024 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.</text>
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                <text>Challenges in Home-Based Pediatric Hospice and Palliative Care: A Case Series</text>
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                <text>Pediatric home-based hospice and palliative care is a growing and important sub-field within the larger pediatric palliative care landscape. Despite research demonstrating the clinical and systemic efficacy of pediatric home-based hospice and palliative care, there remain barriers to its optimal development, implementation, and dissemination as well as best clinical practice knowledge gaps. This case series presents specific examples of ubiquitous challenges in pediatric home-based hospice and palliative care in hopes of guiding future research, education, advocacy, and program development efforts.</text>
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                <text>Free and Appropriate: Navigating School Integration for Pediatric Patients Receiving Palliative Care or Hospice</text>
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                <text>child; inflammation; female; human; quality of life; palliative therapy; prognosis; hospice; school child; medical student; median survival time; education program; self report; adolescent; pediatric patient; conference abstract; drug therapy; knowledge gap; teamwork; symptom burden; physiotherapy; professionalism; special situation for pharmacovigilance; glioma; tumor burden; wheelchair</text>
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                <text>Outcomes: 1. Participants will self-report the ability to evaluate the complexities and nuances of school (re)integration for pediatric patients receiving palliative care or hospice. 2. By utilizing an interdisciplinary approach which includes families and schools, participants will self-report the ability to facilitate school (re)integration for children receiving palliative care or hospice. Key Message: Children receiving palliative care/hospice may have a period of clinical improvement in which school (re)entry is feasible, if aligned with patient/family goals. However, (re)integration is challenging to navigate, given patients' unique and complex needs. By using an interdisciplinary model and partnering with families and schools, palliative care/hospice teams can play a pivotal role in supporting school integration for these patients. Background(s): Given recent medical advances, children receiving palliative care (PC) or hospice may have periods of clinical improvement during which they wish to attend school. However, school (re)entry is challenging given these children's unique and complex needs. Families/schools are often unprepared to facilitate school integration, leaving patients without crucial supports/services, and leaving schools with insufficient knowledge of students' medical needs. Case: VF is a 6yo female with an H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma initially treated with radiation and chemotherapy. When imaging five months post-diagnosis revealed disease progression, chemotherapy was discontinued. Given poor prognosis (median survival ~1 year) and high symptom burden, VF was admitted to hospice. Several months later, VF's clinical presentation drastically improved, attributed to a decrease in tumor burden/peritumoral inflammation and effective symptom management. She was back to the energetic child she had been, and began voicing the desire to attend school. Wanting to optimize her quality of life, VF's parents enrolled her in public school. Given her current needs, VF requires an Individualized Education Program to ensure necessary supports including a wheelchair-accessible building/classroom, 1:1 paraprofessional, occupational/physical therapies, and safety plan aligned with medical goals of care. Her parents' attempts to secure these supports have been unsuccessful and VF is currently attending school without them. Additionally, school staff lacks information about her health, leaving them unprepared to appropriately handle a medical emergency. VF's hospice team has now partnered with her family to secure needed accommodations, and is serving as a resource for the school to better support VF - medically and psychosocially - in the classroom. Conclusion(s): Children receiving PC/hospice can have times in which school (re)entry may be feasible, though challenging to navigate. PC/hospice teams are uniquely situated to work with both families and schools to ensure all parties have the knowledge and support needed to facilitate (re)integration. Keywords: Interdisciplinary Teamwork / Professionalism; Models of Palliative Care DeliveryCopyright © 2024</text>
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                <text>Introduction: Advancement in medical expertise and technology has led to a growing cohort of children with medical complexity (CMC), who make up a rising proportion of childhood deaths. However, end of life in CMC is poorly understood and little is known about illness trajectories, communication, and decision-making experiences. Objective: To synthesize existing literature and characterize the end-of-life experience in CMC. Methods: A literature search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar was conducted up to August 26, 2021. Studies reporting CMC at end of life were included and the extracted data were analyzed descriptively. Findings: Of 1535 publications identified, 23 studies were included. Most studies (15/23 [65%]) were published from 2015 to 2021 and were quantitative in nature (20/23 [87%]). The majority of studies that extracted data from a single country (18/20 [90%]) originated from North America. Study outcomes were categorized into four main domains: (1) place of death (2) health care use (3) interventions received or withdrawn (4) communication, and end-of-life experiences. The weighted percentage of in-hospital CMC deaths was 80.6%. Studies reported that CMC had increased health care use and were subjected to more intensive interventions at end of life compared with non-CMC. Qualitative studies highlighted the following themes: Intrinsic prognostic uncertainty, differing perspectives of the child's quality of life, the chronic illness experience, a desire to have parental expertise acknowledged, surprise at the terminal event, the experience of multiple losses, with an overarching theme of the need for compassionate care at end of life. Conclusions: This scoping review highlighted important characteristics of end of life in CMC, outlining the emerging evidence and knowledge gaps on this topic. A better understanding of this cohort of seriously and chronically ill children would serve to inform clinical practice, service development, and future research.</text>
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                <text>Child; child; Palliative Care; adult; article; controlled study; female; human; male; preschool child; palliative therapy; clinical article; interview; parent; Only Child; school child; health care personnel; qualitative research; descriptive research; child health care; health care quality; pediatric ward; adolescent; infant; thematic analysis; medical record; knowledge gap; health care need; Papua New Guinea; acute lymphoblastic leukemia/di [Diagnosis]; bronchiectasis/di [Diagnosis]; cerebral palsy/di [Diagnosis]; congenital heart disease/di [Diagnosis]; congenital malformation/di [Diagnosis]; dyspnea/co [Complication]; germ cell tumor/di [Diagnosis]; Guillain Barre syndrome/di [Diagnosis]; hemosiderosis/di [Diagnosis]; Human immunodeficiency virus infection/di [Diagnosis]; job experience; malignant neoplasm/di [Diagnosis]; Melanesia; neuroblastoma/di [Diagnosis]; Pacific islands; pain/co [Complication]; pulmonary hypertension/di [Diagnosis]; retinoblastoma/di [Diagnosis]; thalassemia/di [Diagnosis]; tuberculosis/di [Diagnosis]</text>
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                <text>Watch V; Anga G; Kilalang C; Pulsan F; Vince JD; Duke T</text>
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                <text>Introduction: The World Health Organisation defines paediatric palliative care (PPC) as caring for the child's body, mind, and spirit, and giving support to the family. In life-limiting conditions it is important that palliative support can be provided even when curative attempts are being utilised. In Papua New Guinea, as in other low- and middle-income countries there is a lack of services and training on PPC. This study aims to describe the characteristics of children with palliative care needs and to assess the perspectives of their parents and health care workers. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was carried out over 5 months in 2022 at the Port Moresby General Hospital children's wards. Clinical information was gathered from the admission charts of children with life threatening and life limiting conditions and a recorded interview was carried out with the children's parents. A focus group interview with 10 experienced nurses caring for these children was video recorded. The recorded interviews were subjected to thematic analysis. Results: Twenty children and their parents were included in this study. Nine had a cancer diagnosis and 11 had a chronic progressive condition. The common clinical characteristics of children with palliative care needs were pain (n = 9) and shortness of breath (n = 9), and most children had more than one symptom. Several themes were identified in the parent interviews. Most parents could not name their child's diagnosis, but they were able to correctly describe their child's condition using their own terms. Most parents felt involved in their child's management and were satisfied with the care provided. Parents were psychologically affected by their child's situation but were hopeful that God and the medicines would heal their child. Ten nurses were involved in a focus-group interview. Most nurses' understanding of palliative care was from experience not from formal training, but most felt confident in identifying the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of the children. Understanding of analgesia was limited, as was the availability of appropriate medications included in the WHO Analgesic Ladder. Conclusion: There is a need for a systematic approach to palliative care in Papua New Guinea. Palliative care can be integrated into an overall approach to quality of paediatric care. It is relevant to a broad section of children with severe chronic or malignant conditions and can be carried out with limited resources. It does require some resources, further training and education, and increased provision of basic drugs for symptom control.</text>
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                <text>Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).</text>
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