Depression and anxiety in rheumatoid arthritis: the role of perceived social support
Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; social support; Anxiety Disorders; Sick Role; Depressive Disorder; Ireland; Arthritis; Social Perception; Rheumatoid; Social Support and Chronic Pain
BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis is a common, disabling, autoimmune disease with significant psychiatric sequelae. AIMS: We aimed to identify the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with rheumatoid arthritis attending hospitals, and to elucidate the role played by illness variables, disability variables and psychosocial variables in predicting levels of depression and anxiety. METHODS: We assessed depression, anxiety, arthritis-related pain, arthritis-related disability and perceived social support in 68 adults with rheumatoid arthritis. RESULTS: Sixty-five per cent of patients had evidence of depression (37.5% moderate or severe) and 44.4% had evidence of anxiety (17.8% moderate or severe). Both depression and anxiety were highly correlated with several measures of arthritis-related pain and functional impairment. After controlling for age, gender, marital status and duration of arthritis, perceived social support was a highly significant independent predictor of both depression and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that increasing social support may be particularly important in the management of depression and anxiety in rheumatoid arthritis.
2006-06
Zyrianova Y; Kelly BD; Gallagher C; McCarthy C; Molloy MG; Sheehan J; Dinan TG
Irish Journal Of Medical Science
2006
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1007/bf03167946" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1007/bf03167946</a>
The Carter Neurocognitive Assessment for children with severely compromised expressive language and motor skills
Child; Female; Humans; Male; Severity of Illness Index; Observer Variation; Preschool; infant; Children W/SNI; Social Perception; Neuropsychological Tests; Brain/physiopathology; Attention; Cognition Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology; Functional Laterality/physiology; Language Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology; Motor Skills Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology; Visual Perception
In this paper, different means of assessing cognitive development in children with severe impairments in both their expressive language and their motor skills are reviewed. A range of techniques are considered, including traditional cognitive tests and behavioral and physiological measures, but these techniques are generally impractical and minimally informative when it comes to assessing children with both motor and speech impairments. Electrophysiological measures show some promise for the future, but are currently inadequate for wide-ranging cognitive assessment. Development of the Carter Neurocognitive Assessment (CNA) is described. The CNA is appropriate for use in clinical and research settings and was designed to minimalize the impact of severely impaired motor skills and expressive language on performance. The CNA is intended to itemize and quantify a range of skills reflecting a cognitive level up to approximately 18 to 24 months in four areas: Social Awareness, Visual Attention, Auditory Comprehension and Vocal Communication. The use of the CNA to assess the performance and developmental growth of eight children with Holoprosencephaly (HPE), a midline developmental brain malformation, is described. The CNA is a useful tool for the assessment of children with severely compromised motor and verbal skills and has provided a more positive view of the cognitive potential of children with severe handicaps, such as the sample of children with HPE, than that presented in the past.
2005
Leevers HJ; Roesler CP; Flax J; Benasich AA
Journal Of Child Psychology And Psychiatry, And Allied Disciplines
2005
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00354.x" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00354.x</a>
Children's perceptions of physicians and medical care: two measures
Child; Humans; Questionnaires; Physicians; Clinical Competence; Child Health Services; Consumer Satisfaction; adolescent; Social Perception
1988
Rifkin L; Wolf MH; Lewis CC; Pantell RH
Journal of Pediatric Psychology
1988
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/13.2.247" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1093/jpepsy/13.2.247</a>
The posttraumatic growth inventory: measuring the positive legacy of trauma.
Female; Humans; Male; Adult; Interpersonal Relations; Self Concept; Longitudinal Studies; Life Change Events; adolescent; Adaptation; Psychological; Gender Identity; Stress Disorders; Personality Development; Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data; Philosophy; Post-Traumatic/diagnosis/psychology/rehabilitation; Social Perception
The development of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, an instrument for assessing positive outcomes reported by persons who have experienced traumatic events, is described. This 21-item scale includes factors of New Possibilities, Relating to Others, Personal Strength, Spiritual Change, and Appreciation of Life. Women tend to report more benefits than do men, and persons who have experienced traumatic events report more positive change than do persons who have not experienced extraordinary events. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory is modestly related to optimism and extraversion. The scale appears to have utility in determining how successful individuals, coping with the aftermath of trauma, are in reconstructing or strengthening their perceptions of self, others, and the meaning of events.
1996
Tedeschi RG; Calhoun LG
Journal Of Traumatic Stress
1996
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/jts.2490090305" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1002/jts.2490090305</a>