Browse Items (32 total)

Opioid peptides appear to be dynamic signaling molecules that are produced within the immune system and are active regulators of an immune response. Furthermore, the receptors for these peptides occurring on immunocyte membranes share characteristics…

The occurrence of undesirable side effects due to opioids (delirium, confusion, myoclonus, nausea, emesis) is one of the major complications in the management of pain, especially in chronic cancer pain states. Methadone, as an alternative to…

1. The nervous and immune systems communicate with each other by use of cytokines and neuropeptides. 2. Interactions between immune cell-derived opioid peptides and opioid receptors located in peripheral inflamed tissue lead to endogenous analgesia.…

BACKGROUND. Development of tolerance to opioid analgesics occurs often in patients with cancer-related pain. Cross-tolerance among opioid analgesics provides the physician with a major management problem. Incomplete cross-tolerance among opioid…

It is evident that opioids are underused in infants and children, mainly owing to the erroneous belief that long-term adverse effects may result from effective use, coupled with the difficulties infants and children have in verbalizing their feelings…

This study investigated the involvement of endogenous opioid peptides in mediating cold water swim (CWS) stress-induced antinociception (SIA) in rats with unilateral hind paw inflammation induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Following 0.5, 1…

The stress system orchestrates brain and body responses to the environment. Cortisol (in humans) or corticosterone (in rodents) are important mediators of the stress system. Their action-in concert-is crucial for individual differences in coping with…

As cells undergo apoptosis, they are recognized and removed from the body by phagocytes. This oft-overlooked yet critical final step in the cell-death programme protects tissues from exposure to the toxic contents of dying cells and also serves to…

The treatment of severe pain with opioids has thus far been limited by their unwanted central side effects. Recent research promises new approaches, including opioid analgesics acting outside the central nervous system, targeting of opioid…

Nociceptin is a neuropeptide sharing sequence homology with classical opioid peptides but with a distinct pharmacological profile. Through activation of its receptor, NociR, nociceptin has been linked with several physiological functions in the…

OBJECTIVES: Validated, noninvasive studies were used to compare sensation and motor function of the upper gastrointestinal tract in adolescents with functional dyspepsia (FD) and in control subjects. STUDY DESIGN: Fifteen adolescents with FD and 15…

Tissue destruction is accompanied by an inflammatory reaction. The inflammatory reaction leads to activation of nociceptors and the sensation of pain. Several mediators are responsible for pain and hyperalgesia in inflammation including cytokines,…

Opioids are the most effective and widely used drugs in the treatment of severe pain. They act through G protein-coupled receptors. Four families of endogenous ligands (opioid peptides) are known. The standard exogenous opioid analgesic is morphine.…
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