Dysphagia in Rett Syndrome: A Descriptive Study
adolescent; caregiver; major clinical study; human tissue; complication; prevention; feeding; human; child; female; diagnosis; deterioration; normal human; speech; Rett syndrome; dysphagia; hand movement; otorhinolaryngology; apraxia; bronchitis; drug fatality; neuropsychiatry; psychosexual development; tongue; feeding difficulties; trajectory; characteristics; progressive feeding deterioration
Objectives: Rett syndrome (RS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder and the second major cause of mental retardation in females. The aim of this study was to evaluate swallowing problems of RS patients by endoscopic assessment and compile a list of suggestions for managing feeding and preventing complications. Methods: The sample consisted of 61 female patients (mean age = 13.6 years, range, 2-33 years) admitted to the Department of Neuropsychiatry, where they had previously been diagnosed with RS. Speech evaluation associated with observation during mealtimes was useful to formulate suggestions for caregivers. Results: Progressive deterioration of feeding was commonly noted by caregivers. Fifty-four patients had a history of recurrent episodes of bronchitis. Oral apraxia, dyskinetic tongue movements, prolonged oral stage, and poor bolus formation were the most common findings in all patients. Conclusions: Dysphagia was primarily limited to oral preparatory phases, while the pharyngeal phase was normal in most patients. The high percentage of dysphagia suggests the need to accurately monitor the feeding capability of RS children. It is critical to correctly inform caregivers about safe swallowing procedures to reduce the incidence of fatal complications.
Mezzedimi C; Livi W; De Felice C; Cocca S
Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology
2017
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1177/0003489417723033" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1177/0003489417723033</a>
Psychosexual development in adolescents with chronic medical illnesses
Child; Female; Humans; Male; Sick Role; adolescent; Adaptation; Psychological; Adolescent Transitions; Chronic Disease/psychology; Psychosexual Development
The author provides a literature review and developmental formulation, with the goal to assist clinicians working with medically ill adolescents with psychosexual issues. MEDLINE and PsychINFO database searches of English-language medical journal articles published between 1986 and 1997 for articles related to medical illness and psychosexual development in adolescence were done. The author found that little systematic research on the psychosexual implications of medical illnesses for adolescents has been undertaken, but existing studies suggest that psychosexual development is negatively affected by medical illness. A three-phase model of adolescent psychosexual development is presented, with specific psychosexual tasks associated with each phase. Impediments to progressing through adolescent psychosexual phases due to medical conditions are identified, and case examples are provided. The author concludes that clinicians working with adolescents with medical conditions should attend to the possibility of psychosexual impediments in these adolescents and use developmentally appropriate methods for assessing and treating these difficulties when they arise.
1998
Lock J
Psychosomatics
1998
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3182(98)71322-2" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1016/s0033-3182(98)71322-2</a>