1
40
10
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=9503762" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&dopt=r&uid=9503762</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
A comparison of two regimens of patient-controlled analgesia for children with sickle cell disease
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Journal Of Pediatric Nursing
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1998
Subject
The topic of the resource
Child; Female; Male; Analgesics; Case-Control Studies; Anemia; Comparative Study; retrospective studies; Human; Adolescence; Patient-Controlled; Midwestern United States; Morphine/administration & dosage; Analgesia; Opioid/administration & dosage; Pain/drug therapy/etiology; Sickle Cell/complications
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Trentadue NO; Kachoyeanos MK; Lea G
Description
An account of the resource
Recently, patient controlled analgesia (PCA) has gained prominence in the treatment of pain for children suffering from vaso-occlusive crisis associated with sickle cell disease. Because there are several different regimens that can be used for PCA, the purpose of this study was to compare and contrast two regimens of patient controlled analgesia (PCA) in terms of safety, efficacy, and cost for the treatment of vaso-occlusive pain associated with sickle cell disease. In this study a retrospective chart review was conducted. The charts of 26 children, hospitalized on 60 different occasions in which PCA was used in the treatment of vaso-occlusive disease were included in the final sample. Patients were grouped according to the type of PCA regimen they received: high dose PCA/low basal infusion (HPCA/LBI) or low dose PCA/high basal infusion (LPCA/HBI). Children in Group 1 (HPCA/LBI) used significantly less morphine during their hospitalization, were hospitalized fewer days, and reported lower pain scores on day 2. There were considerable cost savings due to decreased length of stay, less morphine consumed overall, and fewer days required for rental of the PCA pump.
1998
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
1998
Adolescence
Analgesia
Analgesics
Anemia
Backlog
Case-Control Studies
Child
Comparative Study
Female
Human
Journal Article
Journal of Pediatric Nursing
Kachoyeanos MK
Lea G
Male
Midwestern United States
Morphine/administration & dosage
Opioid/administration & dosage
Pain/drug therapy/etiology
Patient-Controlled
Retrospective Studies
Sickle Cell/complications
Trentadue NO
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199733030-00005" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199733030-00005</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Pharmacokinetic optimisation of opioid treatment in acute pain therapy
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Clinical Pharmacokinetics
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1997
Subject
The topic of the resource
Humans; Pain; Analgesics; Drug Interactions; Analgesia; Drug Administration Schedule; Administration; Oral; Pain/drug therapy; Infusions; Injections; Intravenous; Dose-Response Relationship; Drug; Subcutaneous; Intramuscular; Patient-Controlled; Postoperative/drug therapy; Substance-Related Disorders; Opioid/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/therapeutic use; Central Nervous System/drug effects/metabolism
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Upton RN; Semple TJ; Macintyre PE
Description
An account of the resource
Traditionally, opioids have been administered as fixed doses at fixed dose intervals. This approach has been largely ineffective. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and upgraded traditional approaches incorporating flexibility in dose size and dose interval, and titration for an effect in individual patients with the monitoring of pain and sedation scores, can greatly improve the efficacy of opioid administration. Optimising opioid use, therefore, entails optimising the titration process. Opioids have similar pharmacodynamic properties but have widely different kinetic properties. The most important of these is the delay between the blood concentrations of an opioid and its analgesic or other effects, which probably relate to the delay required for blood and brain and spinal cord (CNS) equilibrium. The half-lives of these delays range from approximately 34 minutes for morphine to 1 minute for alfentanil. The titration is influenced by the time needed after an initial dose before it is safe to administer a second dose and the duration of the effects of a single dose, which varies widely between opioids, doses and routes of administration. To compare opioids and routes of administration, we examined the relative CNS concentration profiles of opioids - the CNS concentration expressed as a percentage of its maximum value. The relative onset was the defined as the time the relative CNS concentration first rose to 80% of maximum, while the relative duration was defined as the length of time the concentration was above 80%. For an intravenous bolus dose, the relative onset varies from approximately 1 for alfentanil to 6 minutes for morphine, while their relative durations are approximately 2 and 96 minutes, respectively. Although all of the common opioids, perhaps with the exception of alfentanil, have kinetic and dynamic properties suitable for use in PCA with intravenous bolus doses, the long relative duration of morphine makes it particularly suited to an upgraded traditional approach using staff administered intramuscular or subcutaneous doses. There is a clear kinetic preference for regimens with a rapid onset and short duration (e.g. intravenous PCA) for coping with incident pain. It is shown that, in general, titration is improved by the more frequent administration of smaller doses, but it is important to use additional doses to initially 'load' a patient. The titration of opioids should always be accompanied by the monitoring of pain and sedation scores and ventilation.
1997
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.2165/00003088-199733030-00005" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.2165/00003088-199733030-00005</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
1997
Administration
Analgesia
Analgesics
Backlog
Central Nervous System/drug effects/metabolism
Clinical Pharmacokinetics
Dose-Response Relationship
Drug
Drug Administration Schedule
Drug Interactions
Humans
Infusions
Injections
Intramuscular
Intravenous
Journal Article
Macintyre PE
Opioid/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/therapeutic use
Oral
Pain
Pain/drug Therapy
Patient-Controlled
Postoperative/drug therapy
Semple TJ
Subcutaneous
Substance-Related Disorders
Upton RN
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/00002508-199812000-00013" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.1097/00002508-199812000-00013</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Oral methadone for the treatment of severe pain in hospitalized children: a report of five cases
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Clinical Journal Of Pain
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1998
Subject
The topic of the resource
Child; Female; Male; Analgesics; Parents; Treatment Outcome; Analgesia; Preschool; Administration; Oral; Neoplasms/therapy; Human; Case Report; Opioid/therapeutic use; Patient-Controlled; Wounds; Hospitalization; Palliative Care/methods; Burns/therapy; Methadone/therapeutic use; Nonpenetrating/therapy; Osteopetrosis/therapy; Pain/physiopathology
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Shir Y; Shenkman Z; Shavelson V; Davidson EM; Rosen G
Description
An account of the resource
OBJECTIVE: Pain relief is still inadequate in many hospitalized patients, especially children in whom suboptimal use of analgesic drugs is still common. In the past 2 years, oral methadone has been used extensively in our institution for treating children with persistent pain from cancer, burns, or trauma who were capable of oral intake and whose pain was not relieved by nonopioid medications. SETTING: Tertiary university hospital. PATIENTS: Of the 70 children treated thus far with oral methadone, five are described in the present report. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Pain relief, acceptability, and side effects of oral methadone in children with pain. RESULTS: Treatment with oral methadone (0.1% in 10% glucose, dose range of 0.2-0.6 mg/kg/day) for time periods of up to 6 weeks resulted in a rapid onset and stable pain relief, with no major side effects. No adverse responses were encountered after discontinuation of treatment. In three of the children, a parent-controlled analgesia regimen was successfully employed. CONCLUSIONS: Oral methadone can be recommended for babies and children who have severe pain that is not alleviated by nonopioid medications and who are capable of oral intake.
1998
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1097/00002508-199812000-00013" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1097/00002508-199812000-00013</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
1998
Administration
Analgesia
Analgesics
Backlog
Burns/therapy
Case Report
Child
Clinical Journal of Pain
Davidson EM
Female
Hospitalization
Human
Journal Article
Male
Methadone/therapeutic use
Neoplasms/therapy
Nonpenetrating/therapy
Opioid/therapeutic use
Oral
Osteopetrosis/therapy
Pain/physiopathology
Palliative Care/methods
Parents
Patient-Controlled
Preschool
Rosen G
Shavelson V
Shenkman Z
Shir Y
Treatment Outcome
Wounds
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a010679" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a010679</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Patient-controlled analgesia with oral methadone in cancer pain: preliminary report
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Annals Of Oncology : Official Journal Of The European Society For Medical Oncology / Esmo
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1996
Subject
The topic of the resource
Female; Humans; Male; Analgesics; Aged; Middle Aged; Analgesia; Administration; Oral; Dose-Response Relationship; Drug; Neoplasms/complications; Patient-Controlled; Methadone/administration & dosage/adverse effects/blood; Opioid/administration & dosage/adverse effects/blood; Pain/etiology/prevention & control
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Mercadante S; Sapio M; Serretta R; Caligara M
Description
An account of the resource
BACKGROUND: Methadone is a very useful drug in cancer pain because of its low cost, lack of active metabolites, high oral availability, and the rapid onset of its analgesic effect. It seems to be well tolerated in patients with difficult pain syndromes who are receiving high doses of opioids, and it may deter the development of tolerance, but a high individual variation in terminal elimination half-life can result in different rates and extents of drug accumulation. For this reason, oral patient-controlled analgesia with methadone was used in 24 advanced-disease patients with pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A regimen of self-administered oral methadone at fixed doses and flexible patient-controlled dosage intervals to achieve adequate analgesia, while avoiding toxic effects of methadone accumulation, was used in 24 patients requiring opioid therapy. After a priming period of three days with fixed doses of 3-5 mg three times a day for naive patients and 50% of the morphine equivalent of methadone in patients switched from morphine, patients and relatives were instructed to maintain the night-time dose and to administer a second dose when the pain recurred. When more than four doses of methadone a day were used, an increase of the dosage was prescribed. Continuous pain assessment and monitoring of symptoms were offered. RESULTS: The majority of patients achieved good pain relief until death, and three were switched to very low doses of subcutaneous morphine in their final days. The methadone escalation index was about 2% a day, with a mean dosage increase of 0.3 mg a day for an average of 60 days of treatment at doses ranging from 9 to 80 mg. The plasma concentration in 14 patients ranged from 0.013 to 0.273 mcg/ml with dosages of 20-80 mg during chronic treatment. A mean of 2.4 doses a day was reported, including the fixed night-time dose. The extent of side effects was considered acceptable. CONCLUSION: Patient-administered analgesia with oral methadone appears to be a simple, cheap and relatively safe technique for controlling cancer pain, permitting individualization by the patient him- or herself and avoiding the risk of accumulation. Continuous assessment is necessary.
1996
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a010679" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a010679</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
1996
Administration
Aged
Analgesia
Analgesics
Annals Of Oncology : Official Journal Of The European Society For Medical Oncology / Esmo
Backlog
Caligara M
Dose-Response Relationship
Drug
Female
Humans
Journal Article
Male
Mercadante S
Methadone/administration & dosage/adverse effects/blood
Middle Aged
Neoplasms/complications
Opioid/administration & dosage/adverse effects/blood
Oral
Pain/etiology/prevention & control
Patient-Controlled
Sapio M
Serretta R
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/bja/72.2.160" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.1093/bja/72.2.160</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Comparison of different bolus doses of morphine for patient-controlled analgesia in children
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
British Journal Of Anaesthesia
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1994
Subject
The topic of the resource
Child; Female; Male; Pain; Pain Measurement; Time Factors; Non-U.S. Gov't; Comparative Study; Nausea/chemically induced; Human; Support; Adolescence; Patient-Controlled; Sleep/drug effects; Vomiting/chemically induced; Appendectomy; Analgesia; Morphine/administration & dosage/adverse effects; Postoperative/prevention & control
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Doyle E; Mottart KJ; Marshall C; Morton NS
Description
An account of the resource
Forty children undergoing appendicectomy were allocated randomly to receive one of two PCA regimens with morphine. Group B10 received bolus doses of 10 micrograms kg-1 and group B20 received bolus doses of 20 micrograms kg-1. In both groups there was a lockout interval of 5 min and a background infusion of 4 micrograms kg-1 h-1. Group B20 self-administered considerably more morphine (P < 0.01) than group B10. There was no difference between the pain scores of the groups at rest. Group B20 had significantly (P < 0.05) smaller pain scores during movement than group B10 and the latter group suffered significantly (P < 0.01) more hypoxaemic episodes than group B20. There were no differences between the groups in the incidence of vomiting, excess sedation or the amount of time spent asleep at night.
1994
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1093/bja/72.2.160" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1093/bja/72.2.160</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
1994
Adolescence
Analgesia
Appendectomy
Backlog
British Journal Of Anaesthesia
Child
Comparative Study
Doyle E
Female
Human
Journal Article
Male
Marshall C
Morphine/administration & dosage/adverse effects
Morton NS
Mottart KJ
Nausea/chemically induced
Non-U.S. Gov't
Pain
Pain Measurement
Patient-Controlled
Postoperative/prevention & control
Sleep/drug effects
Support
Time Factors
Vomiting/chemically induced
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(96)70156-7" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(96)70156-7</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Patient-controlled analgesia for mucositis pain in children: a three-period crossover study comparing morphine and hydromorphone
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
The Journal Of Pediatrics
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1996
Subject
The topic of the resource
Child; Humans; Pain Measurement; Analgesics; Treatment Outcome; Therapeutic Equivalency; Analgesia; Analysis of Variance; Double-Blind Method; Cross-Over Studies; adolescent; Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support; Comparative Study; Pain/drug therapy/etiology; Inflammation/complications; Patient-Controlled; Hydromorphone/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use; Morphine/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use; Mucous Membrane; Opioid/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Collins J J; Geake J; Grier HE; Houck CS; Thaler HT; Weinstein HJ; Twum-Danso NY; Berde CB
Description
An account of the resource
OBJECTIVES: (1) To test the safety and efficacy of a clinical protocol for administering opioid by using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for the management of mucositis pain in children after bone marrow transplantation, (2) to compare the efficacy, side-effect profile, and potency ratio of morphine with those of hydromorphone by using PCA as the method of opioid administration, and (3) to obtain pharmacokinetic data on hydromorphone and morphine in this population of children. METHODS: In this double-blind, three-period crossover study, patients were randomly assigned to receive either morphine (group 1) or hydromorphone (group 2) initially by means of PCA on days 1, 2, and 3 (period 1), to be followed on days 4, 5, and 6 (period 2) with the alternative opioid, followed by the opioid used at the commencement of the study on days 7, 8, and 9 (period 3). A clinical protocol for calculating the PCA commencement opioid dose and subsequent opioid-dose escalation was tested by measures of safety and efficacy. Measures of pain intensity and opioid side effects were made during the three periods. On the last study day (day 10), patients received a continuous infusion of opioid derived from the previous 24-hour PCA opioid requirement, and blood specimens were collected and stored for subsequent opioid analysis. RESULTS: Ten patients were enrolled in this study. Rapid escalation in opioid requirement commonly occurred at the commencement of PCA, followed by a variable plateau phase and then deescalation of opioid requirement after mucositis resolution. The measures demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the clinical protocol. In the concentrations used, there was no statistical difference between the mean daily pain, sedation, nausea and vomiting, and pruritus scores for both opioids (Friedman test). The analysis of variance of the log-total opioid doses per patient during periods 1, 2, and 3 indicated that patients used 27% more hydromorphone than expected from its presumed 7:1 ratio relative to morphine potency used in the PCA infusions. The mean plasma hydromorphone concentration was 4.7 ng/ml (range, 1.9 to 8.9 ng/ml), and the mean clearance was 51.7 ml/min per kilogram of body weight (range, 28.6 to 98.2 ml/min per kilogram). The mean plasma morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide, and morphine-3-glucuronide concentrations were 40.0 ng/ml (range, 15 to 62.5), 168.2 ng/ml (range, 54.4 to 231.9), and 391.0 ng/ml (range, 149.4 to 921.7), respectively. The mean morphine clearance was 34.3 ml/min per kilogram of body weight (range, 19.3 to 58.3). The mean molar ratios of morphine-6-glucuronide/morphine, morphine-3-glucoronide/morphine, and morphine-3-glucuronide/morphine-6-glucuronide were 2.48 (range, 1.4 to 3.3), 5.82 (range, 3.4 to 9.1), and 2.46 (range, 1.1 to 3.3), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The safety and efficacy of a clinical protocol for the administration of opioids by means of PCA for mucositis pain after bone marrow transplantation was demonstrated. In this small study, hydromorphone was not superior to morphine in terms of analgesia or the side-effect profile: a larger study would be needed to show a difference. The clearances of hydromorphone and morphine in the children studied were generally greater than those previously recorded, but this finding may be related to disease or treatment variables. Apart from clearance, the morphine pharmacokinetics in the study population were similar to those previously recorded. Hydromorphone may be less potent in this population of children than indicated by adult equipotency tables.
1996
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(96)70156-7" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1016/s0022-3476(96)70156-7</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
1996
Adolescent
Analgesia
Analgesics
Analysis of Variance
Backlog
Berde CB
Child
Collins J J
Comparative Study
Cross-Over Studies
Double-Blind Method
Geake J
Grier HE
Houck CS
Humans
Hydromorphone/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use
Inflammation/complications
Journal Article
Morphine/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use
Mucous Membrane
Non-U.S. Gov't
Opioid/adverse effects/pharmacokinetics/therapeutic use
Pain Measurement
Pain/drug therapy/etiology
Patient-Controlled
Research Support
Thaler HT
The Journal Of Pediatrics
Therapeutic Equivalency
Treatment Outcome
Twum-Danso NY
Weinstein HJ
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.4065/78.11.1397" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.4065/78.11.1397</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Use of opioids in the treatment of severe pain in terminally ill patients--dying should not be painful
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Mayo Clinic Proceedings
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2003
Subject
The topic of the resource
Humans; Male; Pain Measurement; Terminal Care; Analgesics; Middle Aged; Analgesia; Pain/drug therapy/etiology; Infusion Pumps; Dose-Response Relationship; Drug; Opioid/administration & dosage/therapeutic use; Patient-Controlled; Morphine/administration & dosage/therapeutic use; Pancreatic Neoplasms
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Moynihan TJ
Description
An account of the resource
Pain is a common symptom at the end of life. The vast majority of pain can be readily managed if simple principles of practice are followed. Chronic pain requires continuous analgesia, and severe pain requires use of strong analgesics, most commonly the opioids. In addition to drugs administered continually, short-acting medications must be available for "breakthrough" pain. This article reviews the principles of pain management in terminally ill patients, using a case-based demonstration.
2003
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.4065/78.11.1397" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.4065/78.11.1397</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
2003
Analgesia
Analgesics
Backlog
Dose-Response Relationship
Drug
Humans
Infusion Pumps
Journal Article
Male
Mayo Clinic Proceedings
Middle Aged
Morphine/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
Moynihan TJ
Opioid/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
Pain Measurement
Pain/drug therapy/etiology
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Patient-Controlled
Terminal Care
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra012626" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra012626</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Analgesics for the treatment of pain in children
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
The New England Journal Of Medicine
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2002
Subject
The topic of the resource
Child; Humans; infant; Analgesics; Analgesia; Anesthetics; Non-U.S. Gov't; P.H.S.; Research Support; U.S. Gov't; infant; Chronic disease; Newborn; Pain/drug therapy/etiology; Anesthesia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Neoplasms/complications; Patient-Controlled; Analgesics/administration & dosage/therapeutic use; General; Acetaminophen/therapeutic use; Aspirin/therapeutic use; Local; Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use; Opioid/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/therapeutic use
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Berde CB; Sethna NF
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra012626" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1056/NEJMra012626</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
Description
An account of the resource
2002
2002
Acetaminophen/therapeutic use
Analgesia
Analgesics
Analgesics/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
Anesthesia
Anesthetics
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Aspirin/therapeutic use
Backlog
Berde CB
Child
Chronic Disease
General
Humans
Infant
Journal Article
Local
Neoplasms/complications
Newborn
Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
Non-U.S. Gov't
Opioid/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/therapeutic use
P.H.S.
Pain/drug therapy/etiology
Patient-Controlled
Research Support
Sethna NF
The New England Journal Of Medicine
U.S. Gov't
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s0885-3924(01)00389-x" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.1016/s0885-3924(01)00389-x</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Patient-controlled analgesia with intravenous L-methadone in a child with cancer pain refractory to high-dose morphine
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Journal Of Pain And Symptom Management
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2002
Subject
The topic of the resource
Child; Humans; Male; Pain; Analgesics; Analgesia; Treatment Failure; Infusions; Intravenous; Neoplasms/complications; Opioid/administration & dosage/therapeutic use; Patient-Controlled; Morphine/administration & dosage/therapeutic use; Intractable/drug therapy/etiology; Methadone/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Sabatowski R; Kasper SM; Radbruch L
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/s0885-3924(01)00389-x" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1016/s0885-3924(01)00389-x</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
Description
An account of the resource
2002
2002
Analgesia
Analgesics
Backlog
Child
Humans
Infusions
Intractable/drug therapy/etiology
Intravenous
Journal Article
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
Kasper SM
Male
Methadone/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
Morphine/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
Neoplasms/complications
Opioid/administration & dosage/therapeutic use
Pain
Patient-Controlled
Radbruch L
Sabatowski R
Treatment Failure
-
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Citation List Month
Backlog
URL Address
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2006.10.014" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2006.10.014</a>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Influence of pain treatment by epidural fentanyl and bupivacaine on homing of opioid-containing leukocytes to surgical wounds
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Brain, Behavior, And Immunity
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2007
Subject
The topic of the resource
Female; Humans; Male; Pain; Analgesics; Aged; Middle Aged; Longitudinal Studies; Analgesia; Anesthetics; Biomarkers of Pain; Anesthesia; Epidural; Enkephalin; Adjuvants; Anesthesia/immunology/pharmacology; beta-Endorphin/drug effects/immunology/metabolism; Bupivacaine/immunology/therapeutic use; Cell Movement/drug effects/immunology; Fentanyl/immunology/therapeutic use; Leukocytes/drug effects/immunology/metabolism; Local/immunology/therapeutic use; Methionine/drug effects/immunology/metabolism; Nociceptors/drug effects/immunology; Opioid/immunology/therapeutic use; Patient-Controlled; Pirinitramide/therapeutic use; Postganglionic/drug effects/immunology; Postoperative/immunology/prevention & control; Subcutaneous Tissue/immunology; Sympathetic Fibers; Wound Healing/drug effects/immunology
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Heurich M; Mousa SA; Lenzner M; Morciniec P; Kopf A; Welte M; Stein C
Description
An account of the resource
Endogenous opioids released from leukocytes extravasating into injured tissue can interact with peripheral opioid receptors to inhibit nociception. Animal studies have shown that the homing of opioid-producing leukocytes to the injured site is modulated by spinal blockade of noxious input. This study investigated whether epidural analgesia (EDA) influences the migration of beta-endorphin (END) and/or met-enkephalin (ENK)-containing leukocytes into the subcutaneous wound tissue of patients undergoing abdominal surgery. In part I patients received general anesthesia combined either with intra- and postoperative EDA (with bupivacaine and fentanyl) or with postoperative patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA; with the opioid piritramide). In part II patients received general anesthesia combined with either epidural fentanyl or bupivacaine which was continued postoperatively. Samples of cutanous and subcutanous tissue were taken from the wound site at the beginning, at the end and at various times after surgery, and were examined by immunohistochemistry for the presence of END and ENK. We found that (i) epidural bupivacaine, fentanyl and PCIA provided similar and clinically acceptable postoperative pain relief; (ii) compared to PCIA, epidural bupivacaine or fentanyl did not change the gross inflammatory reaction within the surgical wound; (iii) opioid-containing leukocytes were almost absent in normal subcutaneous tissue but migrated to the inflamed wound tissue in ascending numbers within a few hours, reaching a peak at about 24 h after surgery; (iv) compared to PCIA, EDA resulted in significantly decreased homing of END-containing leukocytes to the injured site at 24 h after surgery; and (v) the magnitude of this decrease was similar regardless of the epidural medication. These findings suggest that nociceptive but not sympathetic neurons are primarily involved in the attraction of opioid-containing leukocytes during early stages of inflammation.
2007
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2006.10.014" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1016/j.bbi.2006.10.014</a>
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Journal Article
2007
Adjuvants
Aged
Analgesia
Analgesics
Anesthesia
Anesthesia/immunology/pharmacology
Anesthetics
Backlog
beta-Endorphin/drug effects/immunology/metabolism
Biomarkers of Pain
Brain, Behavior, And Immunity
Bupivacaine/immunology/therapeutic use
Cell Movement/drug effects/immunology
Enkephalin
Epidural
Female
Fentanyl/immunology/therapeutic use
Heurich M
Humans
Journal Article
Kopf A
Lenzner M
Leukocytes/drug effects/immunology/metabolism
Local/immunology/therapeutic use
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Methionine/drug effects/immunology/metabolism
Middle Aged
Morciniec P
Mousa SA
Nociceptors/drug effects/immunology
Opioid/immunology/therapeutic use
Pain
Patient-Controlled
Pirinitramide/therapeutic use
Postganglionic/drug effects/immunology
Postoperative/immunology/prevention & control
Stein C
Subcutaneous Tissue/immunology
Sympathetic Fibers
Welte M
Wound Healing/drug effects/immunology