Infantile systemic hyalinosis: newly recognized disorder of collagen?
Female; Humans; infant; Prognosis; Movement; Pain/etiology; Newborn; Hyalin/metabolism; Collagen Diseases/metabolism/pathology/physiopathology; Gingiva/pathology; Hypertrophy; Jejunum/pathology; Joints/physiopathology; Skin/pathology/ultrastructure
Four infants with stiff skin and painful joint contractures in the first few months of life are described. Other features included small papules, particularly on the face and trunk, perianal nodules, hyperpigmentation over the metacarpophalangeal joints and over the malleoli, gingival hyperplasia, persistent diarrhea, and failure to thrive. Two of these infants died before the age of 18 months. In each case hyaline material was found in the papillary dermis. Ultrastructurally, there was a distinctive fibrillogranular appearance in which a banding pattern could be observed. This material was also found within membrane-bound vacuoles in macrophages and fibroblasts. It had an appearance and localization identical with that of collagen type VI. These features are similar to those reported in juvenile hyaline fibromatosis. It is believed that these infants have a closely related, but nonetheless distinctive, inherited disorder of collagen.
1991
Glover MT; Lake BD; Atherton DJ
Pediatrics
1991
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb04440.x" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb04440.x</a>
Mirror therapy for phantom limb pain
Humans; Pain Measurement; Movement; Cross-Over Studies; Amputation Stumps; Amputation/adverse effects; Audiovisual Aids; Biofeedback (Psychology); Imagery (Psychotherapy); Phantom Limb/therapy
2007
Chan BL; Witt R; Charrow AP; Magee A; Howard R; Pasquina PF; Heilman KM; Tsao JW
The New England Journal Of Medicine
2007
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc071927" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1056/NEJMc071927</a>
Deep brain stimulation in children: experience and technical pearls
Adolescent; Adult; Age; Factors Brain/pa [Pathology]; Brain/ra [Radiography]; Child; Preschool; Deep Brain Stimulation/ae [Adverse Effects]; Deep Brain Stimulation/mt [Methods]; Dystonia/pp [Physiopathology]; Dystonia/th [Therapy]; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Movement; Retrospective Studies; Tomography; X-Ray Computed Treatment Outcome; tone and motor problems; Glutaric acidemia type I; Lesch-Nyhan syndrome; deep brain stimulation; secondary dystonia
OBJECT: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established technique for the treatment of several movement disorders in adults. However, the technical approach, complications, and results of DBS in children have not been well documented. METHODS: A database of DBS implantations performed at a single institution, prospectively established in 1998, was reviewed for patients who received DBS prior to the age of 18. Diagnoses, surgical technique, and complications were noted. Outcomes were assessed using standard rating scales of neurological function. RESULTS: Of 815 patients undergoing DBS implantation over a 12-year period, 31 were children (mean age at surgery 13.2 years old, range 4-17 years old). Diagnoses included the following: DYT1 primary dystonia (autosomal dominant, Tor1ADELTAGAG mutation, 10 cases), non-DYT1 primary dystonia (3 cases), secondary dystonia (11 cases), neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA, 3 cases), levodopa-responsive parkinsonism (2 cases), Lesch-Nyhan disease (1 case), and glutaric aciduria Type 1 (1 case). Six children ages 15-17 years old underwent awake microelectrode-guided surgery. For 25 children operated under general anesthesia, the surgical technique evolved from microelectrode-guided surgery to image-guided surgeries using real-time intraoperative MR imaging or CT for lead location confirmation. Complications included 5 hardware infections, all in children younger than 10 years old. At 1 year after implantation, patients with DYT1 dystonia had a mean improvement in the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale movement subscore of 75%, while those with secondary dystonia had only small improvements. Outcomes in the 3 children with NBIA were disappointing. CONCLUSIONS: Results of DBS in children with primary and secondary dystonias were similar to those in adults, with excellent results for DYT1 dystonia in children without fixed orthopedic deformity and much more modest results in secondary dystonia. In contrast to reported experience in adults with NBIA, these results in children with NBIA were poor. Infection risk was highest in the youngest patients.
Air E L; Ostrem J L; Sanger T D; Starr P A
Journal of Neurosurgery - Pediatrics
2011
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
<a href="http://doi.org/10.3171/2011.8.PEDS11153" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.3171/2011.8.PEDS11153</a>
Robotic and clinical evaluation of upper limb motor performance in patients with Friedreich's Ataxia: an observational study
children; Rehabilitation; Neurosciences & Neurology; Engineering; coordination; therapy; rating-scale; Accuracy; and Rating of Ataxia; cerebellar-ataxia; Friedreich's ataxia; Kinematics; movement; multiple-sclerosis; quantitative-evaluation; Reaching task; rehabilitation; Robot-mediated evaluation; Scale for the Assessment; smoothness; Smoothness; stroke recovery; Submovements; Upper limb; tone and motor problems; tool development; scale development; InMotion Arm Robot
Background: Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is the most common hereditary autosomal recessive form of ataxia. In this disease there is early manifestation of gait ataxia, and dysmetria of the arms and legs which causes impairment in daily activities that require fine manual dexterity. To date there is no cure for this disease. Some novel therapeutic approaches are ongoing in different steps of clinical trial. Development of sensitive outcome measures is crucial to prove therapeutic effectiveness. The aim of the study was to assess the reliability and sensitivity of quantitative and objective assessment of upper limb performance computed by means of the robotic device and to evaluate the correlation with clinical and functional markers of the disease severity. Methods: Here we assess upper limb performances by means of the InMotion Arm Robot, a robot designed for clinical neurological applications, in a cohort of 14 children and young adults affected by FRDA, matched for age and gender with 18 healthy subjects. We focused on the analysis of kinematics, accuracy, smoothness, and submovements of the upper limb while reaching movements were performed. The robotic evaluation of upper limb performance consisted of planar reaching movements performed with the robotic system. The motors of the robot were turned off, so that the device worked as a measurement tool. The status of the disease was scored using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). Relationships between robotic indices and a range of clinical and disease characteristics were examined. Results: All our robotic indices were significantly different between the two cohorts except for two, and were highly and reliably discriminative between healthy and subjects with FRDA. In particular, subjects with FRDA exhibited slower movements as well as loss of accuracy and smoothness, which are typical of the disease. Duration of Movement, Normalized Jerk, and Number of Submovements were the best discriminative indices, as they were directly and easily measurable and correlated with the status of the disease, as measured by SARA. Conclusions: Our results suggest that outcome measures obtained by means of robotic devices can improve the sensitivity of clinical evaluations of patients' dexterity and can accurately and efficiently quantify changes over time in clinical trials, particularly when functional scales appear to be no longer sensitive.
Germanotta M; Vasco G; Petrarca M; Rossi S; Carniel S; Bertini E; Cappa P; Castelli E
Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation
2015
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-015-0032-6" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1186/s12984-015-0032-6</a>
Disorders of Upper Limb Movements in Ataxia-Telangiectasia
Cross-Sectional Studies; Age Factors; Male; Severity of Illness Index; Young Adult; Child; Humans; Adult; Adolescent; Female; Child Preschool; Periodicity; Ataxia Telangiectasia/pp [Physiopathology]; Motor Activity; Movement; Upper Extremity; Accelerometry; Biomechanical Phenomena; Motor Activity/ph [Physiology]; Movement Disorders/pp [Physiopathology]; Movement/ph [Physiology]; Posture/ph [Physiology]; Tremor/pp [Physiopathology]; Upper Extremity/pp [Physiopathology]; tone and motor problems; ataxia telangiectasia; trajectory; characteristics; abnormal involuntary movements; kinetic tremor; postural tremor; resting tremor
Ataxia-telangiectasia is known for cerebellar degeneration, but clinical descriptions of abnormal tone, posture, and movements suggest involvement of the network between cerebellum and basal ganglia. We quantitatively assessed the nature of upper-limb movement disorders in ataxia-telangiectasia. We used a three-axis accelerometer to assess the natural history and severity of abnormal upper-limb movements in 80 ataxia-telangiectasia and 19 healthy subjects. Recordings were made during goal-directed movements of upper limb (kinetic task), while arms were outstretched (postural task), and at rest. Almost all ataxia-telangiectasia subjects (79/80) had abnormal involuntary movements, such as rhythmic oscillations (tremor), slow drifts (dystonia or athetosis), and isolated rapid movements (dystonic jerks or myoclonus). All patients with involuntary movements had both kinetic and postural tremor, while 48 (61%) also had resting tremor. The tremor was present in transient episodes lasting several seconds during two-minute recording sessions of all three conditions. Percent time during which episodic tremor was present was greater for postural and kinetic tasks compared to rest. Resting tremor had higher frequency but smaller amplitude than postural and kinetic tremor. Rapid non-rhythmic movements were minimal during rest, but were triggered during sustained arm postures and goal directed arm movements suggesting they are best considered a form of dystonic jerks or action myoclonus. Advancing age did not correlate with the severity of involuntary limb movements. Abnormal upper-limb movements in ataxia-telangiectasia feature classic cerebellar impairment, but also suggest involvement of the network between the cerebellum and basal ganglia.
Shaikh A G; Zee D S; Mandir A S; Lederman H M; Crawford T O
PLoS ONE
2013
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0067042" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.1371/journal.pone.0067042</a>