fatigue; Palliative Care; Infant Newborn; adult; article; controlled study; female; hospital admission; human; male; death; family; pain; chronic pain; palliative therapy; neonatal intensive care unit; nursing; prognosis; grief; anxiety; morphine; human experiment; nurse; scoring system; aggression; questionnaire; demographics; sedation; nausea and vomiting; respiration depression; care behavior; Jordan; pretest posttest design; work experience; opiate; attitude; education program; knowledge; adjuvant therapy; analgesic activity; cocaine; drowsiness; drug dependence; educational status; electrolyte disturbance; emotional deprivation; intestine; marriage; neonatal intensive care unit attitude scale; pethidine
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Humans; Mental Health; Sex Factors; Depression; Regression Analysis; P.H.S.; Research Support; U.S. Gov't; Interviews; Alzheimer Disease/psychology; Marriage; Home Nursing/psychology
Description
Contrasting predictors of depression among 101 men and 214 women providing care to spouses suffering from Alzheimer's Disease indicated that the sole predictor for husbands was ill health, whereas for wives less emotional investment was also predictive. While there were no significant predictors for burden among husbands, for wives, burden was associated with poorer health, less emotional investment, greater spouse impairment, and provision of more assistance with tasks.
1989
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Humans; Family; Communication; Longitudinal Studies; Cultural Characteristics; Research; Adaptation; Psychological; Models; Psychological Tests; Marriage
Description
This paper reviews some of the recent empirical studies validating the Circumplex Model and describes the newly developed self-report measure, FACES III. Studies testing hypotheses derived from the Circumplex Model regarding the three dimensions of cohesion, change, and communication are reviewed. Case illustrations using FACES III and the Clinical Rating Scale are presented. These two assessment tools can be used for making a diagnosis of family functioning and for assessing changes over the course of treatment. This paper reflects the continuing attempt to develop further the Circumplex Model and to bridge more adequately research, theory, and practice.
1986
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Child; Humans; Attitude to Health; Parents; Professional-Family Relations; Longitudinal Studies; Hospices; Consumer Satisfaction; Respite Care; Family Health; adolescent; Preschool; Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support; bereavement; retrospective studies; social support; Terminal Care/psychology; Marriage; Employment; Mental Disorders/psychology
Description
A retrospective study was undertaken of 25 families and their 26 ill children attending the first children's hospice in the United Kingdom. The study examined the family's perceptions of the care offered and the impact of chronic and life threatening illness. Eighteen (72%) of the families felt they had been well supported by the hospice and valued the family like atmosphere, perceiving the staff to be friendly, approachable, and helpful. The actual nature of hospice care, in an environment with other terminally ill children, was, however, considered a drawback for a few families. A number of families still had unmet needs, notably appropriate child minding when away from the hospice. The impact of chronic life threatening illness on the families was substantial. The parents (particularly the mothers), the index children, and their siblings all experienced much higher levels of psychological symptomatology than would have been expected from normal samples. While families felt greatly helped over symptom control, a proportion remained very worried about certain symptoms, particularly breathlessness, seizures, and pain. A high proportion of families were experiencing financial and employment difficulties as a result of their children's illnesses.
1989
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
A retrospective study of patients with cancer diagnoses treated at a Swedish county hospital was carried out in order to analyse medical care utilization by incurable cancer patients. All 208 patients customarily treated at the Department of General Surgery in Ostersund Hospital for cancer diagnoses during 1 year were included in the study. The main outcome measures were: number of institutional days; admissions; duration of terminal hospitalization. The Department of General Surgery supplied 7570 of all 12,276 (62%) institutional days needed throughout the disease course. The terminal hospitalization (i.e. the period of continuous institutional care ending with the death of the patient) constituted 39% of all institutional days. The duration of the terminal hospitalization seemed to be unrelated to various diagnoses and demographic variables. Patients with cancer of the breast utilized most institutional days/patient (median 80 institutional days) during the disease course. Married patients and patients living within a 40 km radius of the hospital spent significantly more days at the Department of General Surgery during the last 6 months of life than did the unmarried and those living further afield.
1997
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Overweight in adolescents may have deleterious effects on their subsequent self-esteem, social and economic characteristics, and physical health. We studied the relation between overweight and subsequent educational attainment, marital status, household income, and self-esteem in a nationally representative sample of 10,039 randomly selected young people who were 16 to 24 years old in 1981. Follow-up data were obtained in 1988 for 65 to 79 percent of the original cohort, depending on the variable studied. The characteristics of the subjects who had been overweight in 1981 were compared with those for young people with asthma, musculoskeletal abnormalities, and other chronic health conditions. Overweight was defined as a body-mass index above the 95th percentile for age and sex. RESULTS: In 1981, 370 of the subjects were overweight. Seven years later, women who had been overweight had completed fewer years of school (0.3 year less; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.1 to 0.6; P = 0.009), were less likely to be married (20 percent less likely; 95 percent confidence interval, 13 to 27 percent; P < 0.001), had lower household incomes ($6,710 less per year; 95 percent confidence interval, $3,942 to $9,478; P < 0.001), and had higher rates of household poverty (10 percent higher; 95 percent confidence interval, 4 to 16 percent; P < 0.001) than the women who had not been overweight, independent of their base-line socioeconomic status and aptitude-test scores. Men who had been overweight were less likely to be married (11 percent less likely; 95 percent confidence interval, 3 to 18 percent; P = 0.005). In contrast, people with the other chronic conditions we studied did not differ in these ways from the nonoverweight subjects. We found no evidence of an effect of overweight on self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight during adolescence has important social and economic consequences, which are greater than those of many other chronic physical conditions. Discrimination against overweight persons may account for these results.
1993
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This follow-up study examined how bereaved couples' grief reactions change over time and how the quality of the marriage can predict these reactions for men and women. A group of 31 bereaved couples who 2 to 4 years earlier had lost an infant ( greater than 20 weeks gestation and less than 1 year of age) were revisited in their home 24 months after the initial home visit. With the exception of somatization, couples' grief reactions were less intense at follow-up than at the initial visit. Overall, husbands experienced less guilt, meaninglessness, yearning, and morbid fear than wives. Both husbands and wives who reported lower levels of marital intimacy soon after the loss experienced more intense grief at follow-up. Finally, couples continued to be vulnerable to a resurgence of grief even years later.
1996
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Attitude Of Health Personnel; Health Care Surveys; Neonatologists/px [psychology]; Physician Attitude; Practice Patterns Physicians'; Trisomy 18; Trisomy/di [diagnosis]; Adult; Article; Attitude To Abortion; Caucasian; Christian; Chromosomes Human Pair 18; Clinical Practice; Correlation Analysis; Demography; Disease Management; Disease Severity; Family; Female; Fetus Malformation; Human; Humans; Intellectual Impairment; Male; Marriage; Medical Decision Making; Medical Society; Neonatologist; Newborn Care; Normal Human; Outcome Assessment (health Care); Palliative Care; Palliative Therapy; Parental Attitude; Prenatal Diagnosis; Priority Journal; Race Difference; Resuscitation; Survival Rate; Trisomy 18; United States
Description
We conducted a survey-based study of the opinions, attitudes, and management practices of neonatologists across the United States regarding prenatally diagnosed Trisomy 18. The survey was designed based on previously validated surveys of severe fetal anomalies and collected demographic information on participants, as well as their attitudes, and management choices given a series of vignettes beginning in the prenatal period. The survey was sent to 3,143 American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine members of which 409 (13%) completed the survey. While the response rate was rather low, our respondent pool was representative of the national neonatologist population. Respondents were predominately white (81%), married (88%), Christian (54%), had children (86%), and were pro-choice in terms of abortion (68%). Eighty-three percent (83%) of respondents thought that trisomy 18 is a lethal condition and 60% thought that treatment is futile. Seventy-five percent (75%) expected that the best neurodevelopmental outcome in the case of infant survival would be profound intellectual disability. Regarding neonatal care, 95% stated that they would recommend palliative care only. Ninety-five percent (95%) would never recommend or recommend only if asked full code resuscitation for a neonate with full trisomy 18, yet, 44% would comply partially or in full with a full code request for resuscitation measures. The demographic features that correlated most significantly with these responses were clinician race and years in practice. The attitudes toward and management of infants affected with trisomy 18 seem to be largely driven by parental attitudes and wishes. � 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).