1 40 1 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Citation List Month Backlog URL Address <a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2006.10.014" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2006.10.014</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Influence of pain treatment by epidural fentanyl and bupivacaine on homing of opioid-containing leukocytes to surgical wounds Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Brain, Behavior, And Immunity Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007 Subject The topic of the resource Female; Humans; Male; Pain; Analgesics; Aged; Middle Aged; Longitudinal Studies; Analgesia; Anesthetics; Biomarkers of Pain; Anesthesia; Epidural; Enkephalin; Adjuvants; Anesthesia/immunology/pharmacology; beta-Endorphin/drug effects/immunology/metabolism; Bupivacaine/immunology/therapeutic use; Cell Movement/drug effects/immunology; Fentanyl/immunology/therapeutic use; Leukocytes/drug effects/immunology/metabolism; Local/immunology/therapeutic use; Methionine/drug effects/immunology/metabolism; Nociceptors/drug effects/immunology; Opioid/immunology/therapeutic use; Patient-Controlled; Pirinitramide/therapeutic use; Postganglionic/drug effects/immunology; Postoperative/immunology/prevention & control; Subcutaneous Tissue/immunology; Sympathetic Fibers; Wound Healing/drug effects/immunology Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Heurich M; Mousa SA; Lenzner M; Morciniec P; Kopf A; Welte M; Stein C Description An account of the resource Endogenous opioids released from leukocytes extravasating into injured tissue can interact with peripheral opioid receptors to inhibit nociception. Animal studies have shown that the homing of opioid-producing leukocytes to the injured site is modulated by spinal blockade of noxious input. This study investigated whether epidural analgesia (EDA) influences the migration of beta-endorphin (END) and/or met-enkephalin (ENK)-containing leukocytes into the subcutaneous wound tissue of patients undergoing abdominal surgery. In part I patients received general anesthesia combined either with intra- and postoperative EDA (with bupivacaine and fentanyl) or with postoperative patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA; with the opioid piritramide). In part II patients received general anesthesia combined with either epidural fentanyl or bupivacaine which was continued postoperatively. Samples of cutanous and subcutanous tissue were taken from the wound site at the beginning, at the end and at various times after surgery, and were examined by immunohistochemistry for the presence of END and ENK. We found that (i) epidural bupivacaine, fentanyl and PCIA provided similar and clinically acceptable postoperative pain relief; (ii) compared to PCIA, epidural bupivacaine or fentanyl did not change the gross inflammatory reaction within the surgical wound; (iii) opioid-containing leukocytes were almost absent in normal subcutaneous tissue but migrated to the inflamed wound tissue in ascending numbers within a few hours, reaching a peak at about 24 h after surgery; (iv) compared to PCIA, EDA resulted in significantly decreased homing of END-containing leukocytes to the injured site at 24 h after surgery; and (v) the magnitude of this decrease was similar regardless of the epidural medication. These findings suggest that nociceptive but not sympathetic neurons are primarily involved in the attraction of opioid-containing leukocytes during early stages of inflammation. 2007 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2006.10.014" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1016/j.bbi.2006.10.014</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s). Type The nature or genre of the resource Journal Article 2007 Adjuvants Aged Analgesia Analgesics Anesthesia Anesthesia/immunology/pharmacology Anesthetics Backlog beta-Endorphin/drug effects/immunology/metabolism Biomarkers of Pain Brain, Behavior, And Immunity Bupivacaine/immunology/therapeutic use Cell Movement/drug effects/immunology Enkephalin Epidural Female Fentanyl/immunology/therapeutic use Heurich M Humans Journal Article Kopf A Lenzner M Leukocytes/drug effects/immunology/metabolism Local/immunology/therapeutic use Longitudinal Studies Male Methionine/drug effects/immunology/metabolism Middle Aged Morciniec P Mousa SA Nociceptors/drug effects/immunology Opioid/immunology/therapeutic use Pain Patient-Controlled Pirinitramide/therapeutic use Postganglionic/drug effects/immunology Postoperative/immunology/prevention & control Stein C Subcutaneous Tissue/immunology Sympathetic Fibers Welte M Wound Healing/drug effects/immunology