Pediatric advance care planning from the perspective of health care professionals: A qualitative interview study
DNAR Outcomes
2014-11
Lotz JD; Jox RJ; Borasio GD; Führer M
Palliative Medicine
2014
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1177/0269216314552091" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1177/0269216314552091</a>
Pediatric Advance Care Planning: A Systematic Review
Child; Humans; Palliative Care; end of life; Pediatric; advance care planning; DNAR; Pediatrics/td [Trends]; Advance Care Planning/td [Trends]; pediatric advance life support [PALS]; Pediatrics/mt [Methods]; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/mt [Methods]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Advance care planning (ACP) is increasingly regarded as the gold standard in the care of patients with life-limiting illnesses. Research has focused on adults, but ACP is also being practiced in pediatrics. We conducted a systematic review on empirical literature on pediatric ACP (pACP) to assess current practices, effects, and perspectives of pACP. METHODS: We searched PubMed, BELIT, and PSYCinfo for empirical literature on pACP, published January 1991 through January 2012. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened by 3 independent reviewers for studies that met the predefined criteria. The evidence level of the studies was assessed. Relevant study outcomes were retrieved according to predefined questions. RESULTS: We included 5 qualitative and 8 quantitative studies. Only 3 pACP programs were identified, all from the United States. Two of them were informed by adult programs. Major pACP features are discussions between families and care providers, as well as advance directives. A chaplain and other providers may be involved if required. Programs vary in how well they are evaluated; only 1 was studied by using a randomized controlled trial. Preliminary data suggest that pACP can successfully be implemented and is perceived as helpful. It may be emotionally relieving and facilitate communication and decision-making. Major challenges are negative reactions from emergency services, schools, and the community. CONCLUSIONS: There are few systematic pACP programs worldwide and none in Europe. Future research should investigate the needs of all stakeholders. In particular, the perspective of professionals has so far been neglected.
2013-02
Lotz JD; Jox RJ; Borasio GD; Führer M
Pediatrics
2013
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Journal Article
<a href="http://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-2394" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1542/peds.2012-2394</a>
"hope For The Best, Prepare For The Worst": A Qualitative Interview Study On Parents' Needs And Fears In Pediatric Advance Care Planning.
Advance Care Planning; Advance Directive; Decision-making; Pediatrics; Resuscitation Orders; Terminal Care
BACKGROUND:
Pediatric advance care planning is advocated by healthcare providers because it may increase the chance that patient and/or parent wishes are respected and thus improve end-of-life care. However, since end-of-life decisions for children are particularly difficult and charged with emotions, physicians are often afraid of addressing pediatric advance care planning.
AIM:
We aimed to investigate parents' views and needs regarding pediatric advance care planning.
DESIGN:
We performed a qualitative interview study with parents of children who had died from a severe illness. The interviews were analyzed by descriptive and evaluation coding according to Saldaña.
SETTING/PARTICIPANTS:
We conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 parents of 9 children. Maximum variation was sought regarding the child's illness, age at death, care setting, and parent gender.
RESULTS:
Parents find it difficult to engage in pediatric advance care planning but consider it important. They argue for a sensitive, individualized, and gradual approach. Hope and quality of life issues are primary. Parents have many non-medical concerns that they want to discuss. Written advance directives are considered less important, but medical emergency plans are viewed as necessary in particular cases. Continuity of care and information should be improved through regular pediatric advance care planning meetings with the various care providers. Parents emphasize the importance of a continuous contact person to facilitate pediatric advance care planning.
CONCLUSION:
Despite a need for pediatric advance care planning, it is perceived as challenging. Needs-adjusted content and process and continuity of communication should be a main focus in pediatric advance care planning. Future research should focus on strategies that facilitate parent engagement in pediatric advance care planning to increase the benefit for the families.
Lotz JD; Daxer M; Jox RJ; Borasio GD; Fuhrer M
Journal Of Palliative Medicine
2016
Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
DOI: 10.1177/0269216316679913