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Text
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsa071143" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">http://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsa071143</a>
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Title
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End-of-life practices in the Netherlands under the Euthanasia Act
Publisher
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The New England Journal Of Medicine
Date
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2007
Subject
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Female; Humans; Male; Analgesics; Questionnaires; Follow-Up Studies; Aged; Middle Aged; Netherlands; Suicide; 80 and over; cause of death; Opioid/administration & dosage; Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage; Assisted/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data/trends; Euthanasia/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data/trends; Withholding Treatment/statistics & numerical data/trends
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van der Heide A; Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD; Rurup ML; Buiting HM; van Delden JJ; Hanssen-de Wolf JE; Janssen AG; Pasman HR; Rietjens JA; Prins CJ; Deerenberg IM; Gevers JK; van der Maas PJ; van der Wal G
Description
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BACKGROUND: In 2002, an act regulating the ending of life by a physician at the request of a patient with unbearable suffering came into effect in the Netherlands. In 2005, we performed a follow-up study of euthanasia, physician-assisted suicide, and other end-of-life practices. METHODS: We mailed questionnaires to physicians attending 6860 deaths that were identified from death certificates. The response rate was 77.8%. RESULTS: In 2005, of all deaths in the Netherlands, 1.7% were the result of euthanasia and 0.1% were the result of physician-assisted suicide. These percentages were significantly lower than those in 2001, when 2.6% of all deaths resulted from euthanasia and 0.2% from assisted suicide. Of all deaths, 0.4% were the result of the ending of life without an explicit request by the patient. Continuous deep sedation was used in conjunction with possible hastening of death in 7.1% of all deaths in 2005, significantly increased from 5.6% in 2001. In 73.9% of all cases of euthanasia or assisted suicide in 2005, life was ended with the use of neuromuscular relaxants or barbiturates; opioids were used in 16.2% of cases. In 2005, 80.2% of all cases of euthanasia or assisted suicide were reported. Physicians were most likely to report their end-of-life practices if they considered them to be an act of euthanasia or assisted suicide, which was rarely true when opioids were used. CONCLUSIONS: The Dutch Euthanasia Act was followed by a modest decrease in the rates of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. The decrease may have resulted from the increased application of other end-of-life care interventions, such as palliative sedation.
2007
Identifier
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<a href="http://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsa071143" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">10.1056/NEJMsa071143</a>
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Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s).
Type
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Journal Article
2007
80 And Over
Aged
Analgesics
Assisted/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data/trends
Backlog
Buiting HM
Cause Of Death
Deerenberg IM
Euthanasia/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data/trends
Female
Follow-up Studies
Gevers JK
Hanssen-de Wolf JE
Humans
Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage
Janssen AG
Journal Article
Male
Middle Aged
Netherlands
Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD
Opioid/administration & dosage
Pasman HR
Prins CJ
Questionnaires
Rietjens JA
Rurup ML
Suicide
The New England Journal Of Medicine
van Delden JJ
van der Heide A
van der Maas PJ
van der Wal G
Withholding Treatment/statistics & numerical data/trends