1 40 1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource August 2021 List Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Citation List Month August 2021 List URL Address <a href="http://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.675293" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://doi.org/​10.3389/fmed.2021.675293</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hyperoxemia Is Associated With Mortality in Critically Ill Children Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Frontiers in Medicine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource oxygen; review; mortality; critically ill children; hyperoxaemia Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pelletier JH; Ramgopal S; Horvat CM Description An account of the resource Multiple studies among adults have suggested a non-linear relationship between arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO(2)) and clinical outcomes. Meta-analyses in this population suggest that high levels of supplemental oxygen resulting in hyperoxia are associated with mortality. This mini-review focuses on the non-neonatal pediatric literature examining the relationship between PaO(2) and mortality. While only one pilot pediatric randomized-controlled trials exists, over the past decade, there have been at least eleven observational studies examining the relationship between PaO(2) values and mortality in critically ill children. These analyses of mixed-case pediatric ICU populations have generally reported a parabolic ("u-shaped") relationship between PaO(2) and mortality, similar to that seen in the adult literature. However, the estimates of the point at which hyperoxemia becomes deleterious have varied widely (300-550 mmHg). Where attempted, this effect has been robust to analyses restricted to the first PaO(2) value obtained, those obtained within 24 h of admission, anytime during admission, and the number of hyperoxemic blood gases over time. These findings have also been noted when using various methods of risk-adjustment (accounting for severity of illness scores or complex chronic conditions). Similar relationships were found in the majority of studies restricted to patients undergoing care after cardiac arrest. Taken together, the majority of the literature suggests that there is a robust parabolic relationship between PaO(2) and risk-adjusted pediatric ICU mortality, but that the exact threshold at which hyperoxemia becomes deleterious is unclear, and likely beyond the typical target value for most clinical indications. Findings suggest that clinicians should remain judicious and thoughtful in the use of supplemental oxygen therapy in critically ill children. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="http://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.675293" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.3389/fmed.2021.675293</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Article information provided for research and reference use only. PedPalASCNET does not hold any rights over the resource listed here. All rights are retained by the journal listed under publisher and/or the creator(s). 2021 August 2021 List Critically Ill Children Frontiers in Medicine Horvat CM hyperoxaemia Mortality oxygen Pelletier JH Ramgopal S Review