Browse Items · Pediatric Palliative Care Library

Efficacy of psychotropic drugs for reducing self-injurious behavior in the developmental disabilities

Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is a serious and moderately prevalent problem behavior among developmentally disabled persons, and it frequently leads to treatment with psychotropic medication. The empirical literature relating to the efficacy of…

Tags: 1993, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/tu [Therapeutic Use], Aman MG, Annals Of Clinical Psychiatry : Official Journal Of The American Academy Of Clinical Psychiatrists, Anti-Anxiety Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use], Antidepressive Agents/cl [Classification], Antidepressive Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use], Antipsychotic Agents/ad [Administration & Dosage], Antipsychotic Agents/pd [Pharmacology], Antipsychotic Agents/tu [Therapeutic Use], Backlog, Comparative Study, Dopamine/me [Metabolism], Female, Human, Journal Article, Lithium Carbonate/tu [Therapeutic Use], Male, Mental Retardation/co [Complications], Mental Retardation/di [Diagnosis], Naloxone/tu [Therapeutic Use], Naltrexone/tu [Therapeutic Use], P.H.S., Receptors, Self-Injurious Behavior/co [Complications], Self-Injurious Behavior/dt [Drug Therapy], Support, Treatment Outcome, U.S. Gov't

Impact of palliative care case management on resource use by patients dying of cancer at a Veterans Affairs medical center

BACKGROUND: The VA Puget Sound Health Care System (VAPSHCS) started a palliative care service (PCS) in October 2001 to provide case management for patients with advanced cancer. OBJECTIVE: To examine resource use during the last 60 days of life for…

Pediatric sedation with analgesia

Sedation with analgesia is frequently required to perform painful or invasive procedures in children. The best medication combination for pediatric sedation with analgesia is yet to be identified. Sixty-four of 243 total sedation with analgesia…

Paediatric advance care planning in life-limiting conditions: Scoping review of parent experiences

Background: Advance care planning is considered best practice for children and young people with life-limiting conditions but there is limited evidence how parents' perceive, understand and engage with the process. Aim(s): To understand parents'…

Comparison of morphine and methadone for prevention of postoperative pain in 3- to 7-year-old children

A randomized, double-blind, prospective study was performed to determine the effects of perioperative administration of morphine or methadone on postoperative analgesic requirements and pain scores in 35 children aged 3 to 7 years undergoing major…

A prospective evaluation of opioid weaning in opioid-dependent pediatric critical care patients

Critically ill children are treated with opioid medication in an attempt to decrease stress and alleviate pain during prolonged pediatric intensive care. This treatment plan places children at risk for opioid dependency. Once dependent, children need…

Mitochondrial capacity, muscle endurance, and low energy in friedreich ataxia

Introduction: In this study we noninvasively evaluated skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity, muscle-specific endurance, and energy/fatigue feelings in persons with Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) and able-bodied controls (AB). Methods: Forearm…

Control of inflammatory pain by chemokine-mediated recruitment of opioid-containing polymorphonuclear cells

Opioid-containing leukocytes can counteract inflammatory hyperalgesia. Under stress or after local injection of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), opioid peptides are released from leukocytes, bind to opioid receptors on peripheral sensory neurons…

Tags: 2004, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Antibodies/pharmacology, Backlog, Brack A, Cell Count/methods, Cell Movement/physiology, Chemokines, Chemokines/immunology/physiology, Comparative Study, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use, CXC/immunology/metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Routes, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods, Flow Cytometry/methods, Freund's Adjuvant, Gene Expression Regulation/physiology, Immunohistochemistry/methods, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/immunology/metabolism, Interleukin-8B/metabolism, Journal Article, Leder K, Machelska H, Male, Mousa SA, Naloxone/pharmacology, Narcotics/metabolism, Neurogenic Inflammation/chemically induced/complications/therapy, Neutrophils/metabolism, Non-U.S. Gov't, Pain, Pain Measurement, Pain Threshold/drug effects, Pain/etiology/therapy, Rats, Receptors, Research Support, Rittner HL, Schafer M, Stein C, Wistar

T-lymphocyte concentrations of cholecystokinin-8 and beta-endorphin in eating disorders: II. Bulimia nervosa

Concentrations of cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8) and beta-endorphin (beta-EP) in T-lymphocytes of 26 women with bulimia nervosa (BN) and in 26 age- and sex-matched healthy comparison subjects were measured. Ten patients were then treated with 300 mg/day…

T-lymphocyte cholecystokinin-8 and beta-endorphin concentrations in eating disorders: I. Anorexia nervosa

Baseline concentrations of cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8) and beta-endorphin (beta-EP) were measured in T-lymphocytes from 33 restricting patients with anorexia nervosa (AN-R), 23 binging/purging patients with anorexia nervosa (AN-BP), and 24 healthy…

Lactation Support as a Proxy Measure of Family-Centered Care Quality in Neonates with Life-Limiting Conditions-A Comparative Study

Lactation support is an important measure of Family-Centered Care (FCC) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Life-limiting conditions (LLCs) raise complex ethical care issues for providers and parents in the NICU and represent a key and often…

Tags: 2023, Article, Brannon M, breast feeding, breast pump, Brito S, Cerebral Palsy, Chahin N, Children, clinical assessment, Cognitive Defect, Cohort Analysis, Comparative Study, Congenital Heart Disease, Controlled Study, do not resuscitate order, Donor Milk, extracorporeal oxygenation, Family Centered Care, February List 2024, Female, Fox J, gastrointestinal disease, Genetic Disorder, Gestational Age, health disparity, Hendricks-Munoz KD, Hospital Admission, hospital discharge, Human, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, incurable disease, Infant, kidney disease, lactation, learning disorder, Length Of Stay, Life limiting condition, Lung Disease, Major Clinical Study, Male, McCarthy K, Mohammed T, Mortality, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neurologic Disease, Nubayaat L, Nunlist S, nutritional deficiency, Retrospective Study, Seizure, sensory dysfunction, Williams A, Xu J

Opioid rotation in patients with cancer pain. A retrospective comparison of dose ratios between methadone, hydromorphone, and morphine

BACKGROUND. When a change of opioid is considered, equianalgesic dose tables are used. These tables generally propose a dose ratio of 5:1 between morphine and hydromorphone. In the case of a change from subcutaneous hydromorphone to methadone, dose…

Using a treatment-tradeoff method to elicit preferences for the treatment of locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

The study was designed to evaluate a treatment-tradeoff method for its potential in helping lung cancer patients make treatment decisions. A treatment-tradeoff interview was conducted to determine how patients weighed potential survival benefits…

The parents' postoperative pain measure: replication and extension to 2-6-year-old children

Pain assessment is a difficult task for parents at home following children's surgery. The purpose of the present study was to confirm the psychometric properties of a behavioural measure of postoperative pain developed to assist parents with pain…

Dying children need help too

1979

Tags: 1979, Backlog, British Medical Journal, Case Report, Chapman JA, Child, Child Care/methods/standards, Comparative Study, Cystic Fibrosis/therapy, Female, Goodall J, Human, Journal Article, Terminal Care/methods/standards

Opioid analgesics: comparative features and prescribing guidelines

The term 'opioid' is a generic term for naturally occurring, semisynthetic and synthetic drugs which combine with opioid receptors to produce physiological effects and which are stereospecifically antagonised by naloxone. For clinical purposes,…

Tags: 1996, Analgesics, Backlog, Cherny NI, Comparative Study, Drug, Drugs, Humans, Journal Article, Opioid/administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Pain/drug Therapy, Prescriptions

The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire: a measure of quality of life appropriate for people with advanced disease. A preliminary study of validity and acceptability

This is the first report on the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL), a questionnaire relevant to all phases of the disease trajectory for people with a life-threatening illness. This questionnaire differs from most others in three ways: the…

Patient-controlled analgesia for mucositis pain in children: a three-period crossover study comparing morphine and hydromorphone

OBJECTIVES: (1) To test the safety and efficacy of a clinical protocol for administering opioid by using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for the management of mucositis pain in children after bone marrow transplantation, (2) to compare the…

Hospital charges for a community inpatient palliative care program

Defining financial parameters of palliative care (PC) is important for providing sustainable programming. In our study, we evaluated hospital length of stay (LOS) and charges for the first 164 inpatient PC consultations performed by the Advanced…

The treatment of lateral epicondylitis by iontophoresis of sodium salicylate and sodium diclofenac

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of sodium diclofenac and sodium salicylate applied by topical iontophoresis and to compare them in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis. SUBJECTS: Forty patients with lateral epicondylitis were randomized…

Tags: 1998, Adult, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Backlog, Clinical Rehabilitation, Comparative Study, Demirtas RN, Diclofenac/administration & Female, Humans, Iontophoresis, Journal Article, Male, Middle Aged, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage, Oner C, Pain Measurement, Random Allocation, Sodium Salicylate/administration & Tennis Elbow/drug therapy

Individual responder analyses for pain: does one pain scale fit all?

The outcomes of clinical trials are based on the mean responses of large numbers of subjects but fail to address inter-individual differences. The molecular mechanisms that underlie pain vary among individuals over time and among different types of…

Tags: 2005, Backlog, Bartoshuk L, Clinical Trials/methods/trends, Comparative Study, Dionne RA, Humans, Journal Article, Mogil J, P.H.S., Pain Measurement/drug effects/methods/standards, Pain/drug therapy/physiopathology, Reproducibility of Results, Research Support, Trends In Pharmacological Sciences, U.S. Gov't, Witter J

Patient-controlled analgesia with low dose background infusions after lower abdominal surgery in children

Forty-five children (aged 6-12 yr) undergoing appendicectomy received one of three analgesic regimens using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with morphine: no background infusion (BO); background infusion 4 micrograms kg-1 h-1 (B4); background…

Comparison of different bolus doses of morphine for patient-controlled analgesia in children

Forty children undergoing appendicectomy were allocated randomly to receive one of two PCA regimens with morphine. Group B10 received bolus doses of 10 micrograms kg-1 and group B20 received bolus doses of 20 micrograms kg-1. In both groups there was…

Compliance of palliative care standards in children with cancer in select Middle Eastern countries: a comparative study

BACKGROUND: Palliative care is one of the necessary elements in the treatment of children with cancer. Adaptation of country-specific palliative care practices to universal standards can provide valuable information for health care stakeholders. AIM:…

Tags: 2020, Cancer, Children, Comparative Study, Developing World 2020 List, Ebadinejad Z, Fakhr-Movahedi A, International Journal of Palliative Nursing, Middle East countries, Palliative Care, Rassouli M

A randomized, controlled trial of intravenous clodronate in patients with metastatic bone disease and pain

To evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous clodronate in ameliorating refractory bone pain in patients with metastatic bone disease, 60 patients with established osseous metastases and persistent bone pain were randomized to receive either…

The decision to use topical anesthetic for intravenous insertion in the pediatric emergency department

OBJECTIVES: Topical anesthetic creams to reduce the pain of intravenous (IV) placement may be more effectively used in the emergency setting if they are applied by nurses in the triage area of the emergency department or soon after the patient is…

Pain and symptom control in terminally ill children

The management of pain in terminally ill pediatric patients has incalculable benefits to patients, their families, and physicians and nurses. A therapeutic management plan is dependent on a thorough understanding of the causes of pain in these…

Incontinence in Individuals with Rett Syndrome: A Comparative Study

Frequency and type of incontinence and its association with other variables were assessed in females with Rett Syndrome (RS) ( = 63), using an adapted Dutch version of the 'Parental Questionnaire: Enuresis/Urinary Incontinence' (Beetz et al. 1994).…

Increased concentration of beta-endorphin in sera of patients with psoriasis and other inflammatory dermatoses

Serum beta-endorphin was quantified by radioimmunoassay in 71 patients with psoriasis vulgaris, other chronic inflammatory skin diseases with T-cell infiltrates [atopic dermatitis (n = 25), and systemic sclerosis (n = 34)], and 100 healthy subjects.…

Modulation of cortical-limbic pathways in major depression: treatment-specific effects of cognitive behavior therapy

BACKGROUND: Functional imaging studies of major depressive disorder demonstrate response-specific regional changes following various modes of antidepressant treatment. OBJECTIVE: To examine changes associated with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT).…

Tags: 2004, Adult, Ambulatory Care, Antidepressive Agents, Archives Of General Psychiatry, Backlog, Bieling P, Blood Glucose/metabolism, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Cognitive Therapy, Comparative Study, Depressive Disorder, Emission-Computed, Energy Metabolism/physiology, Female, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/diagnostic use, Follow-up Studies, Frontal Lobe/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Garson C, Goldapple K, Humans, Journal Article, Kennedy S, Lau M, Limbic System/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Major/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging/therapy, Male, Mayberg H, Middle Aged, Nerve Net/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Neural Pathways/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Non-U.S. Gov't, Outcome And Process Assessment (health Care), Paroxetine/therapeutic use, Personality Inventory, Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology/radionuclide imaging, Research Support, Second-Generation/therapeutic use, Segal Z, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography

An overview of National Hospice Study findings

An alternative in terminal care: results of the National Hospice Study

Hospice is a program of supportive services for terminally ill patients and their families, provided either at home or in designated inpatient settings, which is purported to improve patient and family quality of life at lower cost than conventional…

Comparative clinical efficacy and safety of a novel controlled-release oxycodone formulation and controlled-release hydromorphone in the treatment of cancer pain

BACKGROUND: The use of oxycodone to treat chronic cancer pain has been hampered by its short elimination half-life, which necessitates administration every 4 hours. This study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of a novel oxycodone formulation…

Tags: 1997, Analgesics, Babul N, Backlog, Cancer, Comparative Study, Cross-Over Studies, Delayed-Action Preparations, Double-Blind Method, Drug Evaluation, Female, Hagen NA, Humans, Hydromorphone/administration & Male, Journal Article, Middle Aged, Neoplasms/complications, Opioid/administration & dosage, Oxycodone/administration & Pain/drug therapy

Critical care medicine in the United States 1985-2000: an analysis of bed numbers, use, and costs

OBJECTIVE: To establish a database that permits description and analysis of the evolving role, patterns of use, and costs of critical care medicine (CCM) in the United States from 1985 to 2000. DESIGN: Retrospective study combining data from federal…

Tags: 2004, Backlog, Bed Occupancy/statistics & numerical data, Comparative Study, Critical Care Medicine, Critical Care/economics/statistics & numerical data/trends/utilization, Databases, Factual, Greenstein RJ, Halpern NA, Journal Article, Non-U.S. Gov't, Pastores SM, Research Support, Retrospective Studies, United States

Parental stress and burden following traumatic brain injury amongst children and adolescents.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: To assess parental stress following paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), and examine the relationship between self-reported problems, parental stress and general health. RESEARCH DESIGN: Parents of 97 children admitted with a…

Not ready for hospice: characteristics of patients in a pre-hospice program

CONTEXT: There are many patients with terminal illness for whom hospice care would be appropriate, but they either never enroll or enroll very late. In a pre-hospice program designed to help patients make the transition into hospice, we observed that…

Population pharmacokinetics of oral morphine and its glucuronides in children receiving morphine as immediate-release liquid or sustained-release tablets for cancer pain

OBJECTIVES: (1) To determine the pharmacokinetics of morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G), and morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) in children with cancer receiving morphine as immediate-release morphine liquid or sustained-release tablets. (2) To…

Respiratory function in handicapped children

The aim of this study was to evaluate respiratory function of severely handicapped children. Tidal volumes and respiratory rates were determined in a total of 130 children with different clinical motor abilities. Tidal volume of non-sitters (n = 39)…

Reviewing audit: barriers and facilitating factors for effective clinical audit

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on the benefits and disadvantages of clinical and medical audit, and to assess the main facilitators and barriers to conducting the audit process. DESIGN: A comprehensive literature review was undertaken through a…

Epidural analgesia for postoperative pain control in children

Ninety-eight continuous postoperative epidurals were administered to 87 children. The patients were divided into two groups: group I included 63 cases in which a 0.0625-0.25% solution of bupivacaine was continuously administered; group II included 35…

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