Browse Items · Pediatric Palliative Care Library

Directives of adequacy of the therapeutic effort in children. Experience of the Pediatric Palliative Care Unit of Pereira Rossell Hospital Center (2009-2015)

Introduction: In certain patients, "directives on the adequacy of therapeutic effort" (DAET) known as advanced care planning are important tools to align medical care to patient's and family's objectives of care. Purpose: To describe characteristics…

Association of mortality with the death of a sibling in childhood

Importance: The death of a close relative is associated with an increased mortality risk among the bereaved, but much less is known about the potential association of the death of a sibling in childhood with mortality in this population. Objective:…

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: clinical, metabolic, genetic and pathophysiological aspects

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is the most frequent peroxisomal disease. The two main clinical phenotypes of X-ALD are adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) and inflammatory cerebral ALD that manifests either in children or more rarely in adults. About…

Tags: 2012, Adrenoleukodystrophy, Animals, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, Aubourg P, Backlog, Berger J, Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta, Brain, Fatty Acids, Female, Humans, Journal Article, Kemp S, Mutation, Phenotype, Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis

The role of the central nervous system in the generation and maintenance of chronic pain in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia

Pain is a key component of most rheumatologic diseases. In fibromyalgia, the importance of central nervous system pain mechanisms (for example, loss of descending analgesic activity and central sensitization) is well documented. A few studies have…

Tags: 2011, Animals, Arthritis, Arthritis Research & Therapy, Backlog, Central Nervous System/physiopathology, Chronic Pain/complications/physiopathology, Clauw DJ, Fibromyalgia/complications/physiopathology, Humans, Journal Article, Lee YC, Nassikas NJ, Osteoarthritis/complications/physiopathology, Rheumatoid/complications/physiopathology

The role of endogenous opioids and their receptors in the immune system

Opioid peptides appear to be dynamic signaling molecules that are produced within the immune system and are active regulators of an immune response. Furthermore, the receptors for these peptides occurring on immunocyte membranes share characteristics…

Tags: 1991, Animals, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Carr DJ, Endorphins/physiology, Humans, Immune System/physiology, Immunity, Journal Article, Opioid/physiology, Proceedings Of The Society For Experimental Biology And Medicine (New York, N.Y.), Receptors

Metabolic alterations in dogs with osteosarcoma

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in resting energy expenditure (REE) as well as protein and carbohydrate metabolism in dogs with osteosarcoma (OSA). ANIMALS: 15 weight-stable dogs with OSA that did not have other concurrent metabolic or endocrine…

Bisphosphonates: mechanisms of action

1998

Tags: 1998, Animals, Backlog, Bone Development/drug effects, Bone Resorption/physiopathology, Clodronate, Diphosphonates/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology, Endocrine Reviews, Fleisch H, Humans, Journal Article

What do we know about the expression of proopiomelanocortin transcripts and related peptides in lymphoid tissue?

1993

Tags: 1993, Animals, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Endocrinology, Humans, Journal Article, Linner K, Lymphoid Tissue/metabolism, Messenger/metabolism, Pro-Opiomelanocortin/genetics, RNA, Sharp B

Immune cell-derived beta-endorphin. Production, release, and control of inflammatory pain in rats

Localized inflammation of a rat's hindpaw elicits an accumulation of beta-endorphin-(END) containing immune cells. We investigated the production, release, and antinociceptive effects of lymphocyte-derived END in relation to cell trafficking. In…

Systemic hypoxia increases leukocyte emigration and vascular permeability in conscious rats.

We recently observed that acute systemic hypoxia produces rapid increases in leukocyte adherence in the mesenteric microcirculation of the anesthetized rat Wood JG, Johnson JS, Mattioli LF, and Gonzalez NC. J Appl Physiol 87: 1734-1740, 1999; Wood…

Chronic hypoxia selectively augments rat pulmonary artery Ca2+ and K+ channel-mediated relaxation.

The initiating event in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is felt to be sustained hypoxic vasoconstriction, ultimately leading to vascular remodeling and fixed pulmonary hypertension. During the initial vasospastic phase endogenous vasodilatory pathways…

Contractile mechanisms of action of gastroprokinetic agents: cisapride, metoclopramide, and domperidone

We investigated the contractile mechanisms of action of three putative gastroprokinetic agents (cisapride, metoclopramide, and domperidone) on the linear phase of gastroduodenal emptying of solid meals in six healthy conscious dogs. The spatial and…

Proopiomelanocortin and the immune-neuroendocrine connection

This presentation will cover the history, recent developments in, and implications of the ability of both the immune and neuroendocrine systems to produce POMC. The discovery of POMC in immune cells was one of the events that heralded a molecular…

Tags: 1999, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences, Backlog, Base Sequence, Biomarkers of Pain, Biomarkers Reference List, Blalock JE, Humans, Immune System/physiology, Interleukin-1/physiology, Journal Article, Molecular Sequence Data, Neuroimmunomodulation/physiology, Neurosecretory Systems/physiology, Pro-Opiomelanocortin/genetics/physiology

The proopiomelanocortin system in cutaneous neuroimmunomodulation. An introductory overview

1999

Tags: 1999, Animals, Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Humans, Journal Article, Lipton J, Luger TA, Neuroimmunomodulation/physiology, Paus R, Pro-Opiomelanocortin/physiology, Skin Physiology, Skin/immunology, Slominski A

Pediatric utilization of rapamycin for severe cardiac allograft rejection

BACKGROUND: Rapamycin is a new immunosuppressive agent that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of acute cardiac rejection in the adult population. METHODS: This case documents a pediatric patient with ongoing cardiac rejection that did…

Opioid peptide-expressing leukocytes: identification, recruitment, and simultaneously increasing inhibition of inflammatory pain

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory pain can be effectively controlled by an interaction of opioid receptors on peripheral sensory nerve terminals with opioid peptides released from immune cells upon stressful stimulation. To define the source of opioid peptide…

Interleukin 1 beta and corticotropin-releasing factor inhibit pain by releasing opioids from immune cells in inflamed tissue

Local analgesic effects of exogenous opioid agonists are particularly prominent in painful inflammatory conditions and are mediated by opioid receptors on peripheral sensory nerves. The endogenous ligands of these receptors, opioid peptides, have…

Tags: 1994, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Antibodies/pharmacology, Backlog, beta-Endorphin/immunology/physiology, Biomarkers of Pain, Carter L, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Cyclosporine/pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Dynorphins/immunology/physiology, Endorphins/immunology/physiology/secretion, Enkephalin, Humans, Inflammation/immunology/physiopathology, Injections, Interleukin-1/administration & dosage/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Journal Article, Leucine/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology, Male, Methionine/immunology/physiology, Naloxone/pharmacology, Pain/immunology/physiopathology/prevention & control, Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America, Rats, Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Regression Analysis, Schafer M, Somatostatin/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology, Stein C, Wistar

The control of pain in peripheral tissue by opioids

1995

Tags: 1995, Afferent/drug effects, Animals, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Humans, Journal Article, Narcotics/therapeutic use, Neurons, Opioid/drug effects, Pain/drug Therapy, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy/physiopathology, Receptors, Stein C, The New England Journal Of Medicine

Pain killers of the immune system

1997

Tags: 1997, Animals, Backlog, beta-Endorphin/biosynthesis/physiology, Biomarkers of Pain, Immunohistochemistry, Inflammation/pathology/physiopathology, Journal Article, Messenger/genetics, Nature Medicine, Pain/pathology/physiopathology, Pro-Opiomelanocortin/genetics, Radioimmunoassay, Rats, RNA, Sharp B, T-Lymphocytes/metabolism, Yaksh T

Efficacy of pharmacological treatments of neuropathic pain: An update and effect related to mechanism of drug action

Tricyclic antidepressants and carbamazepine have become the mainstay in the treatment of neuropathic pain. Within the last decade, controlled trials have shown that numerous other drugs relieve such pain. We identified all placebo-controlled trials…

Methionine-enkephalin-and Dynorphin A-release from immune cells and control of inflammatory pain

We have previously shown that beta-endorphin (END) is contained and released from memory-type T-cells within inflamed tissue and that it is capable to control pain (J Clin Invest 100(1) (1997) 142). Methionine-enkephalin (MET) and Dynorphin-A (DYN)…

Systemic lidocaine for neuropathic pain relief

The effectiveness of systemic lidocaine in relieving acute and chronic pain has been recognized for over 35 years. In particular, systemic lidocaine has been utilized both as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool for intractable neuropathic pain during…

Tags: 2000, Administration, Analgesics/administration & dosage/diagnostic use/therapeutic use, Animals, Backlog, Chen LL, Humans, Journal Article, Lidocaine/administration & dosage/diagnostic use/therapeutic use, Mao J, Mexiletine/therapeutic use, Neuralgia/drug therapy/metabolism, Oral, P.H.S., Pain, Research Support, Sodium Channel Blockers, U.S. Gov't

Novel opioid peptides endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 are present in mammalian immune tissues

Endomorphin (EM)-1 and EM-2 are opioid tetrapeptides, reported within the central nervous system, which have very high specificity and affinity for the mu-opioid receptor. We have used newly developed and well-characterised radioimmunoassays (RIAs)…

A possible role for saliva as a diagnostic fluid in patients with chronic pain

OBJECTIVES: The focus of this review was on proteins and peptides found in saliva. Of greatest interest were those neuropeptides relevant to nociception and to the pathogenesis of chronic pain syndromes. An additional goal was to develop a…

Quantitative analysis of methionine enkephalin and beta-endorphin in the pituitary by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry

This manuscript reviews the use of an off-line combination of liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) to quantify endogenous neuropeptides in biological tissues and fluids, and tandem MS (MS/MS) to optimize the molecular specificity of…

Tags: 1998, Animals, Backlog, beta-Endorphin/analysis, Biomarkers of Pain, Chromatography, Desiderio DM, Enkephalin, High Pressure Liquid, Humans, Journal Article, Journal Of Chromatography.A, Mass Spectrometry, Methionine/analysis, Pituitary Gland/chemistry, Zhu X

Bisphosphonates: a review of their pharmacokinetic properties

Bisphosphonates are a unique class of drugs. As a family, they are characterized pharmacologically by their ability to inhibit bone resorption, whereas, pharmacokinetically, they are classified by their similarity in absorption, distribution, and…

Tags: 1996, Animals, Backlog, Biological Availability, Blood Proteins/metabolism, Bone, Clodronate, Diphosphonates/pharmacokinetics/urine, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Intestinal Absorption/physiology, Journal Article, Lin JH, Protein Binding, Structure-Activity Relationship, Tissue Distribution/physiology

Brain and gut neuropeptides in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Neuropeptides, initially thought to be common features of gut and brain, are only synthesized in immune cells and modulate immune functions. The presence and possible functions of these peptides in immune cells in both physiological or pathological…

Pituitary-adrenal function and hypothalamic beta-endorphin release in vitro following food deprivation

Basal and dexamethasone-suppressed adrenal glucocorticoid secretion and hypothalamic beta-endorphin (BE) release in vitro were investigated in rats deprived of food for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Fasting for up to 48 h neither caused significant changes…

Gene expression and localization of opioid peptides in immune cells of inflamed tissue: functional role in antinociception

Our previous studies indicate that endogenous opioids (primarily beta-endorphin) released during stressful stimuli can interact with peripheral opioid receptors to inhibit nociception in inflamed tissue of rats. This study sought to localize opioid…

Age-related changes of beta-endorphin and cholecystokinin in human and rat mononuclear cells

Beta-endorphin (BE) and cholecystokinin (CCK) were measured in fresh PBMC isolated from human subjects and rats. The BE and CCK PBMC contents increased significantly with age both in human and rat models. Moreover, polyclonal stimulation induced a…

Biological rhythms in pain and in the effects of opioid analgesics

Pain is difficult and sometimes frustrating to treat, even though new devices and new approaches have been developed in recent years. Pain varies tremendously from one patient to the next, and there are also some studies suggesting that the intensity…

Tags: 1995, Analgesics, Animals, Backlog, Circadian Rhythm/drug effects/physiology, Humans, Journal Article, Labrecque G, Opioid/administration & dosage/therapeutic use, Pain/drug therapy/physiopathology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vanier MC

On the dynamics of dying.

This study is concerned with dynamic processes that underly the rapid, degenerative changes associated with the "dying" stage of the multicellular organism's life cycle. The interaction between negative and positive feedback cycles is discussed:…

Tags: 1997, Animals, Aorta, Aortic Coarctation/pp [Physiopathology], Backlog, Cell Survival/ph [Physiology], Death, Engelberg J, Feedback/ph [Physiology], Female, Heart Arrest/pp [Physiopathology], Hemodynamics/ph [Physiology], Homeostasis/ph [Physiology], Humans, Integrative Physiological And Behavioral Science, Journal Article, Middle Aged, Respiratory Insufficiency/pp [Physiopathology], Thoracic/pp [Physiopathology]

On the mathematical modelling of pain

In this review a case is presented for the use of mathematical modelling in the study of pain. The philosophy of mathematical modelling is outlined and a recommendation is made for the use of modern nonlinear techniques and computational neuroscience…

Tags: 1996, Analgesia, Animals, Axons/physiology, Backlog, Britton NF, Humans, Journal Article, Models, Nerve Net/physiology, Neurochemical Research, Neurological, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons/physiology, Pain/physiopathology, Reproducibility of Results, Skevington SM, Theoretical

Intermittent but not continuous inescapable footshock stress affects immune responses and immunocyte beta-endorphin concentrations in the rat

It is well known that a variety of stressors influence immune responses. The opioid peptide-beta-endorphin (BE) is deeply involved in stress responses, is synthesized in cells of the immune system, and participates in the modulation of immune…

Associations between the neuroendocrine and immune systems

Organisms respond to infection with complex adaptations involving bidirectional communication between the immune and neuroendocrine systems. The idea of intercellular communication between the neuroendocrine and immune systems via common signal…

Tags: 1995, Animals, Backlog, Biomarkers of Pain, Blalock JE, Cell Communication, Cytokines/physiology, Hormones/physiology, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology, Immune System/physiology, Interleukins/physiology, Journal Article, Journal Of Leukocyte Biology, Leukocytes/physiology, Neurosecretory Systems/physiology, Signal Transduction, Weigent DA

Aspects of altered metabolism in children with cancer

Severe weight loss associated with cancer continues to be a major cause of morbidity in cases of childhood malignancy. The etiology is not completely understood but is probably multifactorial, including reduced ingestion and altered metabolism of…

Tags: 1998, Animals, Backlog, Cachexia/etiology, Child, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Interleukin-1/physiology, Interleukin-6/physiology, International Journal Of Cancer. Supplement, Journal Article, Neoplasms/complications/metabolism/physiopathology, Nutritional Failure, Nutritional Requirements, Picton SV, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/physiology

Fasting associated with decrease in hypothalamic beta-endorphin

In rats that were fasted for 2 to 3 days there was a decline in hypothalamic, but not pituitary, beta-endorphin. There was no change in pituitary or hypothalamic adrenocorticotropin content as a result of fasting. Endogenous opiates may be involved…

Tags: 1980, Animals, Backlog, Corticotropin/metabolism, Endorphins/metabolism, Fasting, Gambert SR, Garthwaite TL, Hagen TC, Hypothalamus/metabolism, Journal Article, Male, Non-U.S. Gov't, Pituitary Gland/metabolism, Pontzer CH, Rats, Research Support, Science, Time Factors

beta-Endorphin and adrenocorticotropin are selected concomitantly by the pituitary gland

The opiate-like peptide beta-endorphin and adrenocorticotropin are concomitantly secreted in increased amounts by the adenohypophysis in response to acute stress or long-term adrenalectomy as well as in vitro in response to purified corticotropin…

Spontaneous pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium in a 16-year-old drug-abusing motorcyclist surrounded by a pack of coyotes

Numerous causes of pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium have been described in the literature. The authors report a unique case in which one or more causes may have contributed to the patient's condition.

Tags: 1989, Adolescent, Animals, Backlog, Chop WM, Haines JD, Humans, Journal Article, Male, Mediastinal Emphysema/etiology, Motorcycles, Panic, Pneumopericardium/etiology, Pneumothorax/etiology, Postgraduate Medicine, Smoke Inhalation Injury/complications, Substance-Related Disorders/complications, Swyden SN, Wild

Peripheral opioid receptors mediating antinociception in inflammation. Activation by endogenous opioids and role of the pituitary-adrenal axis

This study investigated the involvement of endogenous opioid peptides in mediating cold water swim (CWS) stress-induced antinociception (SIA) in rats with unilateral hind paw inflammation induced by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Following 0.5, 1…

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