Browse Items (43 total)

The grief process in bereaved children is conceptualized as a series of psychological tasks that must be accomplished over time. Early tasks include understanding and self-protection

The purpose of this study was to assess the use of analgesic agents for invasive medical procedures in pediatric and neonatal intensive care units. The directors of 38 pediatric units and 31 neonatal units reported that analgesics were infrequently…

OBJECTIVE--To develop and pilot a method for conducting an audit of deaths in general practice by the critical incident technique. DESIGN--Prospective use of the technique within a primary health care team, with the aid of a facilitator, to analyse…

Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudoobstruction is a serious disorder of intestinal neuromuscular function resulting in recurrent episodes of intestinal obstruction, and is caused by primary disease of the enteric nerves or enteric smooth muscle.…

We evaluated colon manometry as a means of differentiating causes of intractable constipation in children. We studied pressure changes in the transverse, descending, and rectosigmoid colons of 23 children with intractable constipation. All patients…

After a baseline symptom and laboratory assessment, 24 patients with metastatic bone disease and pain were randomized to receive either a 4-hr intravenous infusion of 2-dichloromethylene bisphosphonate (Cl2MDP), 600 mg in 500 mL of normal saline, or…

The neuroradiological findings in four patients with Tay-Sachs disease are described in three phases of the clinical course. The basal ganglia and cerebral white matter show low density on computed tomography and high signal intensity on T2-weighted…

When a child dies, the survivors-both parents and the remaining children—must adapt to a new reality. The immediate effect of sibling death is to precipitate grief and to increase the psychologic vulnerability of the remaining children. Communication…

A taxonomy of the adolescent sibling bereavement process was developed from the responses of 157 bereaved adolescents to the question "If you could ask or tell your dead sibling something, what would it be?" The taxonomy had six mutually exclusive…

Although personal resources of caregivers, such as coping skills and social support, have been shown to be important in understanding caregiver stress and health outcomes, personality traits have not previously been considered. The purpose of this…

OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of the current practice of liberally or routinely employing episiotomy to prevent perineal tears and pelvic floor relaxation (control group) to a policy of restricting episiotomy use to specific fetal and maternal…

The transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) fentanyl has been designed for rate-controlled drug delivery. It provides a convenient regimen for the use of a drug previously limited by a short duration of action and a noninvasive parenteral route for a…

Dramatic improvements in the hospital management of perinatal loss have taken place in the past 20 years. However, there has been no critical examination of current approaches. Four possible hazards of current hospital practice are described: 1)…

Levels of beta-endorphin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells have been studied as a new approach to investigating opioid tone in migraine and tension-type headache. Sixty-one patients with migraine without aura, 39 with migraine with aura and 23…

Qualitative researchers rely — implicitly or explicitly — on a variety of understandings and corresponding types of validity in the process of describing, interpreting, and explaining phenomena of interest. In this article, Joseph Maxwell makes…

A survey of adolescents and young adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) attending an adult CF center was conducted to evaluate a transition program as a means of transferring care from pediatric to adult setting. A total of 40 patients completed a…

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinicians' ratings of therapeutic effectiveness when different trial end points were presented as percent reductions in relative compared with absolute risk and as numbers of patients treated to avoid one adverse outcome.…

We documented seizures in 33 of 68 (48.5%) children with congenital hydrocephalus not associated with myelomeningocele. Mental retardation (MR) and CNS malformations correlated with seizure occurrence; age at shunt insertion and number of shunt…

These three neuropeptides were measured at daily baseline values by radioimmunoassay. Stimulated parotid saliva was collected from 31 subjects using a modified Carlson-Crittenden device affixed over Stenson's duct. Methionine enkephalin-like…

The study is concerned with relations between habitual somatic discomfort, assessed by means of a questionnaire, and indicators of psychosocial adjustment, in a representative sample of 15-16 yr-old Finnish girls (N = 179) and boys (N = 205). Symptom…

Studies of health behavior in adults show that women report more morbidity and greater health service utilization than do men, despite lower mortality rates. Explanations involve social and biological gender differences in adult life. Infirmary…

A 7 1/2-yr-old girl suffered, since early infancy, severe recurrent myalgia during periodic attacks of fever, vomiting and pharyngitis. Neither myoglobinuria nor exercise-induced muscle pain was present. She was found to have carnitine…

A single-subject rapidly alternating treatment design was used to compare the effectiveness of bilateral band splints and an elbow orthosis in decreasing stereotypic band behaviors and increasing toy play in 2 children with Rett syndrome. The…

While chronic illness has a profound impact upon the individual, an immense burden is imposed upon the family. When the competing demands of an illness and the family escalate exponentially, there may be a crisis. Traditionally, crisis theory has…

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